Abstract
The capacity for formulating moral judgments shown by 20 emotionally disturbed, cognitively delayed adolescents was related to their social behaviors as observed in a classroom situation. Adolescents reported by their teachers to be shy and submissive were less capable of reasoning about moral issues than were adolescents who were seen as more assertive and socially engaged. The level of moral judgment was not a function of intelligence or ability to understand concrete operations. The implication that social engagement is a critical determinant of moral judgment for these adolescents is discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
Reference notes
Simeonsson, R. J., & Foye, J. Role taking and moral judgment performance of retardedadolescents and adults and non-retarded children of similar mental age. Paper presented at the Fifth Annual Symposium, Jean Piaget Society, Philadelphia, June 1975.
Silvern, L. E.Social cognitive development and adjustment: No one-to-one relationship. Paper presented at the meeting of the Western Psychological Association, Los Angeles, April 1976.
Kohlberg, L.The meaning and measurement of moral development. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, 1978.
References
American Psychiatric Association.Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM III). Washington, D.C.: APA, 1980.
Chandler, M. J., Greenspan, S., & Barenboim, C. Assessment, and training of role-taking and referential skills in institutionalized emotionally disturbed children.Developmental Psychology, 1974,10, 546–553.
Colby, C. K. Evolution of a moral-development theory. In W. Damon (Ed.),Moral development. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1978.
Colby, A., Gibbs, J., & Kohlberg, L.The assessment of moral judgment standard from moral judgment scoring. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Moral Education Research Foundation, 1978.
Conners, C. K. A teacher rating scale for use in drug studies with children.American Journal of Psychiatry, 1969,126, 884–888.
de Jung, J. E., Holen, M., & Edmonson, B. A. A test of social inference for retarded adolescents.Psychological Reports, 1973,32, 603–618.
Edmonson, B., de Jung, J. E., Leland, H., & Leach, E. M.Manual: A test of social inference. Kansas City: University of Kansas Medical Center, 1966.
Erdynast, A.Improving the adequacy of moral reasoning. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, 1974.
Goldschmid, M. L., & Bentler, P. M. Manual: Concept assessment kit conservation. San Diego Educational and Industrial Testing Service, 1968.
Jurkovic, G. J. The juvenile delinquent as a moral philospher: A structural developmental perspective.Psychological Bulletin, 1980,88, 709–728.
Jurkovic, G. J., & Prentice, N. M. Relation of moral and cognitive development to dimensions of juvenile delinquency.Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1977,86, 414–420.
Kahn, J. V. Moral and cognitive development in moderately retarded, mildly retarded, and nonretarded individuals.American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1976,81, 209–214.
Keasey, C. B. Implicators of cognitive development for moral reasoning. In D. J. De Palma & J. M. Foley (Eds.),Moral development: Current theory and research. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Earlbaum, 1975.
Kohlberg, L. Development of moral character and moral ideology. In M. Hoffman & L. Huffman (Eds.),Review of child development research (Vol. 1). New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1964.
Kohlberg, L., LaCrosse, J., & Ricks, D. The predictability of adult mental health from childhood behavior. In B. B. Wolman (Ed.),Manual of child psychopathology. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1972.
Lee, L. C. The concomitant development of cognitive and moral modes of thought. A test of selected deduction for Piaget's theory.Genetic Psychology Monographs, 1971,83, 93–146.
Piaget, J.The moral judgment of the child. New York: Free Press, 1965.
Selman, R., & Byrne, D. F. A structural-development analysis of levels of role taking in middle childhood.Child Development, 1974,45, 803–806.
Spivak, G., Platt, J., & Shure, M.The problem solving approach to adjustment. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1976.
Taylor, J. J., & Achenbach, T. M. Moral and cognitive development in retarded and non-retarded children.American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1975,80, 43–50.
Walker, L. J. Cognitive and perspective-taking prerequisites for moral development.Child Development, 1980,51, 131–139.
Waterman, J. M., Sobesky, W. E., Silvern, L., Aoki, B., & McCauley, M. Social perspective taking and adjustment in emotionally disturbed, learning-disabled, and normal children.Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1981,9, 133–148.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
We are indebted to the staff of Ward 6-West of the Neuropsychiatrie Institute, whose cooperation in this research was essential. We would like particularly to thank Barbara Linden and Carol Essey, who filled out the Conners teacher ratings. Al Erdynast, Ph.D, scored the Moral Judgment Interviews. Data analysis was carried out by Delores Adams, and Luisa Castillo prepared the manuscript.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sigman, M., Ungerer, J.A. & Russell, A. Moral judgment in relation to behavioral and cognitive disorders in adolescents. J Abnorm Child Psychol 11, 503–511 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00917079
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00917079