Abstract
The catalytic activity of phospholipase A2 (cat-PLA2) and the concentration of pancreatic (group I) phospholipase A2 (pan-PLA2) and synovial-type (group II) phospholipase A, (syn-PLA2) were studied in 19 human tissues in order to find potential sources of circulating phospholipase A2. Five specimens of each tissue were collected at autopsies or from normal deliveries (placentas and amnionic membranes). The concentrations of pan-PLA2 and syn-PLA2 were measured by specific timeresolved fluoroimmuncassays. The cat-PLA2 was measured by radioactive dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine as substrate. The concentration of pan-PLA2 was negligible in all tissue homogenales except the pancreas. Immunoreactive syn-PLA2 was found in the homogenates of the digestive tract, cartilage, and prostatic and parotid glands. By immunohistochemistry, syn-PLA2 was localized in Paneth cell secretory granules, chondrocytes, cartilage: matrix, and glandular cells of prostate.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Béréziat, G., J. Etienne, M. Kokkinidis, J. L. Oliver, andP. Pernas. 1990. New trends in mammalian non-pancreatic phospholipase A2 research.J. Lipid Mediators 2:159–172.
Van Den Bosch, H. 1980. Intracellular phospholipases A.Biochem. Biophys. Acta 604:191–246.
Heinrikson, R. L., E. T. Krueoer, andP. S. Keim. 1977. Amino acid sequence of phospholipase A2−α from the venom ofCrotalus adamanteus. A new classification of phospholipases A2 based upon structural determinants.J. Biol. Chem. 252:4913–4921.
Van Den Bosch, H., A. J. Aarsman, R. H. N. Van Schaik, C. G. Schalkwijk, F. W. Nejs, andA. Sturk. 1990. Structural and enzymological properties of cellular phospholipases A2.Biochem. Soc. Trans. 18:781–785.
Vadas, P., andW. Pruzanski. 1986. Biology of disease. Role of secretory phospholipase A2 in the pathobiology of disease.Lab. Invest. 55:391–404.
Nevalainen, T. J. 1980. The role of phospholipase A in pancreatitis.Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 15:641–650.
Nevalainen, T. J. 1988. Phospholipase A2 in acute pancreatitis.Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 23:897–904.
Schröder, T., E. Kivilaakso, P. K. J. Kinnunen, andM. Lempinen. 1980. Serum phospholipase A2 in human acute pancreatitis.Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 15:633–636.
Vadas, P., andW. Pruzanski. 1991. Phospholipase A2-a mediator between proximal and distal effectors of inflammation.Immunol. Today 12:143–146.
Uhl, W., M. Büchler, T. J. Nevalainen, A. Deller, andH. G. Beger. 1990. Serum phospholipase A2 in patients with multiple injuries.J. Trauma 30:1285–1290.
Waydhas, C., D. Nast-Kolb, K. H. Duswald, P. Lehnert, andL. Schweiberer. 1989. Prognostic value of serum phospholipase A in the multitraumatized patient.Klin. Wochenschr. 67:203–206.
Pruzanski, W., P. Vadas, E. Stefanski, andM. B. Urowitz. 1985. Phospholipase A2 activity in sera and synovial fluids in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Its possible role as a proinflammatory enzyme.J. Rheumatol. 12:211–216.
SchÄdlich, H. R., M. Buckler, andH. G. Beger. 1987. Improved method for the determination of phospholipase A2 catalytic activity concentration in human serum and ascites.J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 25:505–509.
Santavuori, S. A., P. T. Kortesuo, J. U. Eskola, andT. J. Nevalainen. 1992. Application of a new monoclonal antibody for time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay of human pancreatic phospholipase A2.Eur. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 29:819–826.
Nevalainen, T. J., P. T. Kortesuo, E. Rintala, andF. MÄrki. 1992. Immunochemical detection of group I and group II phospholipases A2 in human serum.Clin. Chem. 38:1824–1829.
Lowry, O., N. Rosebrough, A. Farr, andR. Randall. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent.J. Biol. Chem. 193:265–275.
Hsu, S. M., L. Raine, andH. Fanger. 1981. The use of avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) in immunoperoxidase techniques: A comparison between ABC and unlabeled antibody (PAP) procedures.J. Histochem. Cytochem. 29:577–580.
Wassef, M. K., Y. N. Lin, andM. I. Horowitz. 1978. Phospholipid deacylation enzymes of rat stomach mucosa.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 528:318–330.
Verger, R., F. Ferrato, C. M. Mansbach, andG. Pieroni. 1982. Novel intestinal phospholipase A 2: Purification and some molecular characteristics.Biochemistry 21:6883–6889.
Teramoto, A., H. Tojo, T. Yamano, andM. Okamoto. 1983. Purification and some properties of rat spleen phospholipase A2.J. Biochem. 93:1353–1360.
Weglicki, W. B., M. Waite, P. Sisson, andS. B. Shoshet. 1971. Myocardial phospholipases of microsomal and mitochondrial fractions.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 231:512–519.
De Winter, J. M., G. M. Vianen, andH. Van Den Bosch. 1982. Purification of rat liver mitochondrial phospholipase A2.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 712:332–341.
Franson, R. C., andD. L. Weir. 1982. Isolation and characterization of a membrane-associated, calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 from rabbit lung.Lung 160:275–284.
Gray, N. C. C., andK. P. Strickland. 1982. The purification and characterization of a phospholipase A2 activity from the 10600 × g pellet (microsomal fraction) of bovine brain acting on phosphatidylinositol.Can. J. Biochem. 60:108–117.
Chang, J., S. C. Gilman, andA. J. Lewis. 1986. Interleukin 1 activates phospholipase A2 in rabbit chondrocytes: A possible signal for IL-1 action.J. Immunol. 136:1283–1287.
Kurihara, H., T. Nakano, N. Tahasu, andH. Arita. 1991. Intracellular localization of group II phospholipase A2 in rat vascular smooth muscle cells and its possible relationship to eicosanoid formation.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1082:285–292.
Franson, R., J. Weiss, L. Martin, J. K. Spitznagel, andP. Elsbach. 1977. Phospholipase A activity associated with membranes of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.Biochem. J. 167:839–841.
Vadas, P., andJ. B. Hay. 1980. The release of phospholipase A2 from aggregated platelets and stimulated macrophages of sheep.Life Sci. 26:1721–1729.
Kramer, R. M., C. Wuthrich, C. Bollier, P. R. Allegrini, andP. Zahler. 1978. Isolation of phospholipase A2 from sheep erythrocyte membranes in the presence of detergents.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 507:381–394.
Jesse, R. L., andR. C. Franson. 1979. Modulation of purified phospholipase A2 activity from human platelets by calcium and indomethacin.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 575:467–470.
Vadas, P., S. Wasi, H. Z. Mova, andJ. B. Hay. 1981. Extracellular phospholipase A2 mediates inflammatory hyperaemia.Nature 293:583–585.
Kortesuo, P. T., andT. J. Nevalainen. 1991. Phospholipase A2 in human-ascitic fluid. Purification, characterization and immunochemical detection.Biochem. J. 278:263–267.
Wurl, M., andH. Kunze. 1985. Purification and properties of phospholipase A2 from human seminal plasma.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 834:411–418.
De Haas, G. H., N. M. Postema, W. Nieuwenhuizen, andVan Deenen. 1968. Purification and properties of phospholipase A from porcine pancreas.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 159:103–117.
Nevalainen, T. J., J. U. Eskola, H. J. Aho, V. T. Havia, T. N.-E. Lövgren, andV. NÄntö. 1985. Immunoreactive phospholipase A2 in serum in acute pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.Clin. Chem. 31:1116–1120.
De Haas, G. H., N. M. Postema, W. Nieuwenhuizen, andVan Deenen. 1968. Purification and properties of an anionic zymogen of phospholipase A from porcine pancreas.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 159:118–129.
Schmidt, H., andW. Creutzfeldt. 1969. The possible role of phospholipase A in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 4:39–48.
Verheij, H. M., J. Westerman, B. Sternby, andG. De Haas. 1983. The complete primary sequence of phospholipase A2 from human pancreas.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 747:93–99.
Evenberg, A., H. Meyer, W. Gaastra, H. M. Verheij, andG. H. De Haas. 1977. Amino acid sequence of phospholipase A2 from horse pancreas.J. Biol. Chem. 252:1189–1196.
Puijk, W. C., H. M. Verheij, P. Wietzes, andG. H. De Haas. 1979. The amino acid sequence of the phospholipase A2 isoenzyme from porcine pancreas.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 580:411–415.
Fleer, E. A. M., H. M. Verheij, andG. H. De Haas. 1978. The primary structure of bovine pancreatic phospholipase A2.Eur. J. Biochem. 82:261–269.
Ono, T., H. Tojo, K. Inoue, H. Kagamiyama, T. Yamano, andM. Okamoto. 1984. Rat pancreatic phospholipase A2: Purification, characterization, and N-terminal amino acid sequence.J. Biochem. 96:785–792.
Ohara, O., M. Tamiki, E. Nakamura, Y. Tsururta, Y. Fujii, M. Shin, H. Teraoka, andM. Okamoto. 1986. Dog and rat pancreatic phospholipase A2: Complete amino acid sequences deduced from complementary DNAs.J. Biochem. 99:733–739.
Eskola, J. U., T. J. Nevalainen, andH. J. Aho. 1983. Purification and characterization of human pancreatic phospholipase A2.Clin. Chem. 29:1772–1776.
Seilhamer, J. J., T. L. Randall, M. Yamanaka, andL. K. Johnson. 1986. Pancreatic phospholipase A2: Isolation of the human gene and cDNAs from porcine pancreas and human lung.DNA 5:519–527.
Seilhamer, J. J., T. L. Randall, L. K. Johnson, C. Heinzmann, I. Klisak, R. S. Sparkes, andA. J. Lusis. 1989. Novel gene exon homologous to pancreatic phospholipase A2: Sequence and chromosomal mapping of both human genes.J. Cell Biochem. 39:327–337.
Bennett, C. F., A. McCarte, andS. T. Crooke. 1990. Purification and characterization of a soluble phospholipase A2 from guinea pig lung.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1047:271–283.
Matsuda, Y., M. Ogawa, T. Shibata, K. Nakaguchi, J. Nishijima, C. Wakasugi, andT. Mori. 1987. Distribution of immunoreactive pancreatic phospholipase A2 (IPPL-2) in various human tissues.Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 58:281–284.
Ishizaki, J., O. Ohara, E. Nakamura, M. Tamaki, T. Ono, A. Kanda, N. Yoshida, H. Teraoka, H. Tojo, andM. Okamoto. 1989. cDNA cloning sequence determination of rat membrane-associated phospholipase A2.Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 162:1030–1036.
Kramer, R. M., C. Hession, B. Johansen, G. Hayes, P. Mcgray, E. P. Chow, R. Tizard, andR. B. Pepinski. 1989. Structure and properties of a human non-pancreatic phospholipase A2.J. Biol. Chem. 264:5768–5775.
Nevalainen, T. J., F. MÄrki, P. T. Kortesuo, M. Grütter, S. Dimarco, andA. Schmitz. 1993. Synovial-type (group II) phospholipase A2 in cartilage.J. Rheumatol. 20:325–330.
Kosher, R. A., andK. H. Walher. 1983. The effect of prostaglandins on in vitro limb cartilage differentation.Exp. Cell Res. 145:145–153.
Castle, A. M., andJ. D. Castle. 1981. The purification and partial characterization of phospholipase A2, a secretory protein of rabbit parotid gland.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 666:259–274.
Kunze, H., andE. Bohn. 1978. Phospholipase A2 and prostaglandins in human seminal plasma.Adv. Prostaglandin Thromboxane Res. 3:159–165.
Epstein, B., andB. Shapiro. 1957. Intestinal lecithinase.Nature 180:387.
Mansbach, C. M., G. Pieroni, andR. Verger. 1982. Intestinal phospholipase, a novel enzyme.J. Clin. Invest. 69:368–376.
Senegas-Balas, F., D. Balas, R. Verger, A. De Caro, C. Figarella, F. Ferrato, P. Lechene, C. Bertrand, andA. Ribet. 1984. Immunohistochemical localization of intestinal phospholipase A2 in rat Paneth cells.Histochemistry 81:581–584.
Sandow, M. J., andR. Whitehead. 1979. The Paneth cell.Gut 20:420–431.
Speece, A. J. 1964. Histochemical distribution of lysozyme activity in organs of normal mice and radiation chimeras.J. Histochem. Cytochem. 12:384–391.
Fleming, A. 1922. On a remarkable bacteriolytic element found in tissues and secretions.Proc. R. Soc. Biol. (London) 93:306–317.
Erlandsen, S. L., andD. G. Chase. 1972. Paneth cell function: Phagocytosis and intracellular digestion of intestinal micro-organisms. I. Hexamita muris.J. Ultrastruct. Res. 41:296–318.
Erlandsen, S. L., andD. G. Chase. 1972. Paneth cell function: Phagocytosis and intracellular digestion of intestinal micro-organisms. II. Spiral micro-organism.J. Ultrastruct. Res. 41:319–333.
Wright, G. W., C. E. Ooi, J. Weiss, andP. Elsbach. 1990. Purification of a cellular (granulocyte) and an extracellular (serum) phospholipase A2 that participate in the destruction ofEscherichia coli in a rabbit inflammatory exudate.J. Biol. Chem. 265:6675–6681.
Crowl, R. M., T. J. Stoller, R. R. Conroy, andC. R. Sloner. 1991. Induction of phospholipase A2 gene expression in human hepatoma cells by mediators of the acute phase response.J. Biol. Chem. 266:2647–2651.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nevalainen, T.J., Haapanen, T.J. Distribution of pancreatic (group I) and synovial-type (group II) phospholipases A2 in human tissues. Inflammation 17, 453–464 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00916585
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00916585