Skip to main content
Log in

Quality options and hedging in Japanese Government Bond Futures markets

  • Published:
Financial Engineering and the Japanese Markets Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Quality options for Japanese Government Bond Futures contracts are analysed using a discrete trinomial tree approach based upon a two-factor Heath, Jarrow, and Morton (1990b) model. The impacts of the quality option on hedging effectiveness are investigated. In general, the pure quality option is found to be relatively small and, while the quality option does not have a dramatic impact upon hedging, accounting for the quality option can improve the performance of optimal hedging strategies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Amin, K.I. (1991), ‘On the Computation of Continuous Time Option Prices Using Discrete Approximations,’Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,27(4), 477–495.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amin, K.I. and Morton, A.J. (1994), ‘Implied Volatility Functions in Arbitrage-free Term Structure Models,’Journal of Financial Economics,35(2), 141–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arak, M., Goodman, S.L. and Ross, S. (1986), ‘The Cheapest to Deliver Bond on the Treasury Bond Futures Contract,’Advances in Futures and Options research,1 (Part B) 49–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnhill, T.M. (1990), ‘Quality Option Profits, Switching Option Profits, and Variation Margin Costs: An Evaluation of Their Size and Impact on Treasury Bond Futures Prices,’Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,25(1), 65–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnhill, T.M. and Seale, W.E. (1988), ‘Optimal Exercise of the Switching Option in Treasury Bond Arbitrages,’Journal of Futures Markets,8(5), 517–532.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyle, P. (1988), ‘A Lattice Framework for Option Pricing with Two State Variables’,Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysts,23(1), 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chance, D.M. and Hemler, M.L. (1993), ‘The Impact of Delivery Options on Futures Prices’,Journal of Futures Markets,13(2), 127–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Boor, C. (1978),A Practical Guide to Splines, Springer-Verlag.

  • Garbade, K.D. and Silber W.L. (1983), ‘Futures Contracts on Commodities with Multiple Varieties: An Analysis of Premiums and Discounts’,Journal of Business,56, 249–272.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heath, D., Jarrow, R. and Morton, A. (1990a), ‘Bond Pricing and the Term Structure of Interest Rates: A Discrete Time Approximation’,Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,25(4), 419–440.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heath, D., Jarrow, R. and Morton, A. (1990b), ‘Contingent Claim Valuation with a Random Evolution of Interest Rates’,Review of Futures Markets,9(1), 54–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heath, D., Jarrow, R. and Morton, A. (1992), ‘Bond Pricing and the Term Structure of Interest Rates: A New Methodology for Contingent Claims Valuation’,Econometrica,60(1), 77–105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hegde, S.P. (1988), ‘An Empirical Analysis of Implicit Delivery Options in the Treasury Bond Futures Contract,’Journal of Banking and Finance,12(3), 469–492.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hegde, S.P. (1989), ‘On the Value of the Implicit Delivery Options’,Journal of Futures Markets,9(5), 421–437.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hegde, S.P. (1990), ‘An Ex Post Valuation of the Quality Option Implicit in the Treasury Bond Futures Contract’,Journal of Banking and Finance,14(4) 741–760

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemler, M.L. (1990), ‘The Quality Delivery Option in Treasury Bond Futures Contracts’,Journal of Finance,45(5), 1565–1586.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ho, T.S.Y. and Lee, S.B. (1986), ‘Term Structure Movement and Pricing Interest Rate Contingent Claims’,Journal of Finance,14(5), 1011–1029.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hull, J. and White, A. (1990a), ‘Valuing Derivative Securities Using the Explicit Finite Difference Method’,Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 25(1), 87–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hull, J. and White, A. (1990b), ‘Pricing Interest-Rate-Derivative Securities’,Review of Financial Studies,3(4), 573–592.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hull, J. and White, A. (1993), ‘One-Factor Interest-Rate Models and the Valuation of Interest-Rate Derivative Securities’,Journal of Financial and Quantitativa Analysis,28(2), 235–254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, E.T. and McConnell, J.J. (1989), ‘Requiem for a Market: An Analysis of the Rise and Fall of a Financial Futures Contract’,Review of Financial Studies,2(1), 1–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamara, A. and Siegel, A.F. (1987), ‘Optimal Hedging in Futures Markets with Multiple Delivery Specifications’,Journal of Finance,42(4), 1007–1021.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kane, A. and Marcus, A.J. (1986), ‘The Quality Option in the Treasury Bond Futures Market: An Empirical Assessment’,Journal of Futures Markets,6(2), 231–248.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kilcollin, T.E. (1982), ‘Difference Systems in Financial Futures Markets’,Journal of Finance,37(5), 1183–1197.

    Google Scholar 

  • LaBarge, K. (1988), ‘Daily Trading Estimates for Treasury Bond Futures Contracts’,Journal of Futures Markets,8(5), 533–562.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCulloch, J.H. (1971), ‘Measuring the Term Structure of Interest Rates’,Journal of Business,44(1), 19–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCulloch, J.H. (1975), ‘The Tax-Adjusted Yield Curve’,Journal of Finance,30(3), 811–830.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, W.A. (1939), ‘A Test for the Significance of the Difference Between the Two Variances in a Sample from a Normal Bivariate Population’,Biometrika,31, 249–262.

    Google Scholar 

  • Powell, M.J.D. (1981),Approximation Theory and Methods, Cambridge University Press.

  • Ronn, E.I. and Bliss, R.R. (1994), ‘A Nonstationary Trinomial Model for the Valuation of Options on Treasury Bond Futures Contracts’,Journal of Futures Markets,14(5), 597–617.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaefer, S. (1981), ‘Measuring a Tax-Specific Term Structure of Interest Rates in the Market for British Government Securities’,Economic Journal,91, 415–438.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaefer, S. and Schwartz, E. (1987), ‘Time-Dependent Variance and the Pricing of Bond Options’,Journal of Finance,42, 1113–1128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shea, G.S. (1984), ‘Pitfalls in Smoothing Interest Rate Term Structure Data: Equilibrium Models and Spline Approximations’,Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,19(3), 253–269.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shea, G.S. (1985), ‘Interest Rate Term Structure Estimation with Exponential Splines: A Note’,Journal of Finance,40(1), 319–325.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steeley, J.M. (1991), ‘Estimating the Gilt-Edged Term Structure: Basis Splines and Confidence Intervals’,Journal of Business Finance and Accounting,18(4), 513–529.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tokyo Stock Exchange (1993), ‘Japanese Government Bond Futures’, Publication of Tokyo Stock Exchange.

  • Vasicek, O.A. and Fong H.G. (1982), ‘Term Structure Modelling Using Exponential Splines’,Journal of Finance,37(2), 339–348.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viswanath, P.V. (1993), ‘Efficient Use of Information, Convergence Adjustments, and Regression Estimates of Hedge Ratios’,Journal of Futures Markets,13(1), 43–53.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Yu, SW., Theobald, M. & Cadle, J. Quality options and hedging in Japanese Government Bond Futures markets. Financial Engineering and the Japanese Markets 3, 171–193 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00868085

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00868085

Keywords

Navigation