Conclusions
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1.
The rate of consumption of formaldehyde in the reaction with polyvinyl alcohol and with 1, 3-butylene glycol in aqueous solution is described by a first-order reaction equation with respect to the aldehyde concentration, first-order with respect to the concentration of the alcoholic hydroxyl groups; it depends on the acidity of the solution as the rate of reactions specifically catalyzed by hydrogen ions.
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2.
The increased rate of reaction of polyvinyl alcohol and 1,3-butylene glycol with formaldehyde in comparison with monohydric alcohols indicates that protonated formaldehyde can interact with substances containing hydroxyl groups in the 1,3-position in one step, forming a cyclic acetal splitting out an oxonium ion.
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3.
Considering the dependence of the Hammett acidity function H0 on the temperature, we determined the activation energy of the interaction of polyvinyl alcohol with formaldehyde (E=17.4 kcal/mole).
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The authors would like to express their profound gratitude to P. A. Rebinder and M. I. Temkin for a number of valuable bits of advice.
Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seria Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 1748–1755, October, 1964
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Kormanovskaya, G.N., Vlodavets, I.N. Kinetics of the homogeneous interaction of polyvinyl alcohol with formaldehyde in aqueous solutions. Russ Chem Bull 13, 1661–1666 (1964). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00849425
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00849425