Summary
Proliferative patterns in colchicine treated embryos during the first few hours of incubation, Eyal-Giladi and Kochav stages XI–XIII, clarify the role of cell division in the anterolateral expansion of the primary hypoblast as well as the expansion of the entire blastoderm. A layer of primary hypoblast (extra-embryonic endoderm) can form in the absence of cell division. Colchicine, in concentrations used here, does not prevent ingression of cells from the upper layer to the primary hypoblast and establishment of intercellular contacts. These processes, however modified, remain sufficiently operative so that a hypoblast layer forms. In addition, colchicine does not prevent radial expansion of the whole blastoderm. The demonstrated distribution of proliferative rates in the blastoderm can be the source of cells for blastoderm radial expansion, shape changes and for hypoblast development supplementing ingression of cells from the upper layer.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allenspach A, Roth L (1967) Structural variations during mitosistm the chick embryo. J Cell Biol 133:179–196
Bellairs R, Boyde A, Heaysman J (1969) The relationship between the edge of the chick blastoderm and the vitelline membrane. Arch Entw Mech Org 163:113–121
Billett F, Collini R, Hamilton L (1965) The effects of D- and L-threochloramphenicol on the early development of the chick embryo. J Embryol Exp Morphol 13:341–356
Collins MF (1972) Inhibition of cell sorting by colchicine. Am Zool 12:700
Downie JR (1976) The mechanism of chick blastoderm expansion. J Embryol Exp Morphol 35:559–575
Eyal-Giladi H, Kochav A (1976) From cleavage to primitive streak formation: A complementary normal table and a new look at the first stages of development of the chick. I. General morphology. Dev Biol 49:321–331
Fontaine J, LeDouarin NM (1977) Analysis of endoderm formation in the avian chick blastoderm by the use of quail-chick chimaeras. J Embryol Exp Morphol 41:209–222
Gail MH, Boone CW (1971) Effect of colcemid on fibroblast motility. Exp Cell Res 65:221–227
Goldman RD (1971) The role of three cytoplasmic fibers in BHK 21 cell motility. I. Microtubules and effects of colchicine. J Cell Biol 51:752–762
Harri JE, Stagno PA, Low FN (1978) Scanning electron microscopy of the ventral surface of early chick embryos treated with colchicine. J Submicrosc Cytol 10:299–308
Harris A (1973) Behavior of cultured cells on substrata of variable adhesiveness. Exp Cell Res 77:285–297
Jacobson W (1938) Early development of the avian embryo I. Endoderm formation. J Morphol 62:415–443
Kessel RG (1960) The role of cell division in gastrulation ofFundulus heterclitus. Exp Cell Res 20:227–232
New DAT (1959) The adhesive properties and expansion of the chick blastoderm. J Embryol Exp Morphol 7:146–165
Overton J (1958) Effects of colchicine on the early chick blastoderm. J Exp Zool 139:329–348
Romanoff AL (1960)The avian embryo. MacMillian Co, Inc. New York, NY, pp 115–135
Sanders EJ, Zalik S (1970) The occurrence of microtubules in the chick embryo. Protoplasma 71:203–208
Sanders EJ (1980) The effect of fibronectin and substratum attached material on the spreading of chick mesoderm in vitro. J Cell Sci 44:225–242
Sanders EJ, Bellairs R, Portch PA (1978) In vivo and in vitro studies on the hypoblast and definitive endoblast of avian embryos. J Embryol Exp Morphol 46:187–205
Spratt NT (1963) Role of the substratum, supracellular continuity and differential growth in morphogenetic cell movements. Dev Biol 7:51–63
Spratt NT, Haas H (1960) Morphogenetic movements on the lower surface of the unincubated and early chick blastoderm. J Exp Zool 144:139–157
Spratt NT, Haas H (1965) Germ layer formation and the role of the primitive streak in the chick I. Basic architecture and morphogenetic tissue movements. J Exp Zool 158:9–38
Spooner BS, Yamada EM, Wessels NC (1971) Microfilaments and cell locomotion. J Cell Biol 49:595–613
Steinberg MS (1975) Adhesion guided multicellular assembly: A commentary on the postulates, real and imagined, of the differential adhesion hypothesis with special attention to computer simulations of cell sorting. J Theor Biol 55:431–443
Vakaet L (1962) Some new data concerning the formation of the definitive endoblast in the chick embryo. J Embryol Exp Morphol 10:38–57
Vasiliev J, Gelfand I, Domnina L, Ivanova O, Komm S, Olshevsksya L (1970) Effect of colcemid on the locomotory behavior of fibroblasts. J Embryol Exp Morphol 24:625–640
Waddell A, Robison R, Edwards J (1974) Colchicine and vinblasitine inhibit fibroblast aggregation. Nature 248:239–241
Weinberger C, Brick I (1982) Primary hypoblast development in the chick I. Scanning electron microscopy of normal development. Wilhelm Roux's Arch 191:119–126
Weiss L (1972) Studies on cellular adhesion in tissue culture. XII. Some effects of cytochalasin and colchicine. Exp Cell Res 74:21–26
Wunderlich F, Muller R, Speth V (1973) Direct evidence for a colchicine induced inpairment in mobility of membrane components. Science 182:1136–1138
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Weinberger, C., Brick, I. Primary hypoblast development in the chick. Wilhelm Roux' Archiv 191, 127–133 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00848450
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00848450