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Mechanistic and phenomenological features of proton pumps in the respiratory chain of mitochondria

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Abstract

Various direct, indirect (kinetic and thermodynamic), and combined mechanisms have been proposed to explain the conversion of redox energy into a transmembrane protonmotive force (Δp) by enzymatic complexes of respiratory chains. The conceptual evolution of these models is examined. The characteristics of thermodynamic coupling between redox transitions of electron carriers and scalar proton transfer in cytochromec oxidase and its possible involvement in proton pumping is discussed. Other aspects dealt with in this paper are: (i) variability of ← H+/e − stoichiometries, in cytochromec oxidase and cytochromec reductase and its mechanistic implications; (ii) possible models by which the reduction of dioxygen to water at the binuclear heme-copper center of protonmotive oxidases can be directly involved in proton pumping. Finally a unifying concept for proton pumping by the redox complexes of respiratory chain is presented.

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  1. Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Chemistry, University of Bari, Bari, Italy

    Sergio Papa, Michele Lorusso & Nazzareno Capitanio

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  1. Sergio Papa
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  2. Michele Lorusso
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  3. Nazzareno Capitanio
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Papa, S., Lorusso, M. & Capitanio, N. Mechanistic and phenomenological features of proton pumps in the respiratory chain of mitochondria. J Bioenerg Biomembr 26, 609–618 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00831535

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