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Full wave electromagnetic simulation of electrooptic high-speed probes

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Abstract

This paper outlines the process of modelling external electrooptic probes mounted on coplanar waveguides (CPW). The techniques used to describe the electromagnetic properties of the external probes are the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method and the finite difference transmission line method (FDTLM). These full wave techniques are time domain in nature that must be Fourier transformed to describe important frequency domain characteristics such as scattering parameters. The optical retardation of the probe is related to the full wave analysis through a commonly used grid size that results in a generalized basis for a complete electrooptic system analysis including a unique definition of an electrooptic transfer function,H(ω). Following the field simulation, the properties of the probe (invasiveness, retardation, signal distortion and group delay) are presented. Procedures for optimizing models for probe tips are discussed and related to a first-order model that has been developed. The results indicate that these probes can be simulated successfully on moderately sized Unix work stations and that the optimization of probe models must include the full wave simulation in the definition of the necessary gradients for the optimization process.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, L8S 4L7, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

    D. Conn, H. X. Wu & M. Zhang

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  1. D. Conn
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  2. H. X. Wu
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  3. M. Zhang
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Conn, D., Wu, H.X. & Zhang, M. Full wave electromagnetic simulation of electrooptic high-speed probes. Opt Quant Electron 28, 765–782 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00820148

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