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Regioselectivity of cycloadditions of nitrile oxides and nitrones to 4-methylene-tetrahydrothiopyrane

Regioselektive Cycloadditionen von Nitriloxiden und Nitronen an 4-Methylen-tetrahydrothiopyran

  • Organische Chemie Und Biochemie
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Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The cycloaddition of nitrile oxides and nitrones to 4-methylene-tetrahydrothiopyrane proceeds regioselectively under the formation of spiro-substituted isoxazole derivatives4 and9. Semiempirical calculations (AM1) were used to analyze the electronic structure of reactants, energies of products, and activation barriers leading to these products in order to rationalize this exclusive regioselectivity. It was shown that the main factor responsible for the high stereoselectivity of this reaction is not frontier orbital control, but mainly electrostatic and steric interactions. The spiro compounds4 were cleaved by hydrogenolysis to γ-amino-alcohols11, which were recyclized to spiro-oxazines12 and13.4 and9 as well as12 and13 are derivatives of novel heterocylic systems.

Zusammenfassung

Die Cycloaddition von Nitrilen und Nitriloxiden an 4-Methylen-tetrahydrothiopyran zeigt einen regioselektiven Verlauf unter Bildung der spiro-substituierten Isoxazolderivate4 und9. Die elektronischen Strukturen von Reaktanden, Energien von möglichen Reaktionsprodukten und die Aktivierungsbarrieren der durchgeführten Reaktionen wurden mittels semiempirischer Verfahren (AM1) untersucht, um die beobachteten eindeutigen Regioselektivitäten zu interpretieren. Es zeigte sich, daß dafür nicht ausschließlich Frontorbitalkontrolle, sondern vor allem elektrostatische und sterische Wechselwirkungen verantwortlich sind.

Die Spiroverbindungen4 wurden in weiterer Folge durch Reduktion zu den entsprechenden γ-Aminoalkoholen11 gespalten, welche wiederum zu Spiro-oxazinen des Typs12 und13 recyclisiert wurden. Die Verbindungen4 und9 sind ebenso wie12 und13 Derivate von neuen heterocyclischen Grundsystemen.

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Fröhlich, J., Fišera, L., Sauter, F. et al. Regioselectivity of cycloadditions of nitrile oxides and nitrones to 4-methylene-tetrahydrothiopyrane. Monatsh Chem 126, 75–84 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00811759

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00811759

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