Abstract
A series of WS2/Al2O3 catalysts containing a varied amount of phosphorus (0.0,2.5 and 6.0 wt% P2O5), sulfided at two different temperatures (873 and 1073 K), were studied by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The stacking of (002) layers in the WS2-2H crystallites of the “rag” structure increases with the addition of phosphorus, whereas its length is kept almost constant. At high sulfidation temperatures phosphorus shows a stabilizing effect on the catalysts by retarding the stacking growth of WS2 crystallites. Additionally, an aluminum phosphate crystalline phase is identified in the phosphorus promoted catalysts.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
O. Weisser and S. Landa,Sulphide Catalysts, Their Properties and Applications (Pergamon, Oxford, 1973).
E. Furimsky, Catal. Rev. 22 (1980) 371.
A.L. Farrangher and P. Cossee, in;Proc. 5th Int. Congr. on Catalysis, ed. J.W. Hightower (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1973) p. 1301.
S. Harris and R.R. Chianelli, J. Catal. 98 (1986) 17.
R. Candia, B.S. Clausen and H. Topsøe, J. Catal. 77 (1982) 564.
B. Delmon, in:Catalysis in Petroleum Refining 1989, Vol. 53, eds. D.L. Trimm, S. Akashah, M. Absi-Habali and A. Bishara (Elsevier, Amsterdan, 1990) p. 1.
A.L. Morales, R.E. Galiasso, M.M. Agudelo, J.A. Salazar and A.R. Carrasquel, US Patent 4,520,128 (1985).
J.L.G. Fierro, A. Lopez-Agudo, N. Esquivel and R. Lopez-Cordero, Appl. Catal. 48 (1989) 353.
J.M. Lewis and R.A. Kydd, J. Catal. 136 (1992) 478.
J.M. Lewis, R.A. Kydd, R.M. Boorman and P.H. Van Rhyn, Appl. Catal. A 84 (1992) 103.
P. Atanasova, J. Uchytil, M. Kraus and T. Halachev, Appl. Catal. 65 (1990) 53.
P.J. Magnus, J.A.R. van Veen, S. Eijsbouts, V.H.J. de Beer and J.A. Moulijn, Appl. Catal. 61 (1990) 99.
M.M. Ramirez de Agudelo and A. Morales, in:Proc. 9th Int. Congr. on Catalysis, Vol. 1, eds. M.J. Phillips and M. Ternan (Chem. Inst. Canada, Ottawa, 1988) p. 42.
R.A. Kemp, R.C. Ryan and J.A. Smegal, in:Proc. 9th Int. Congr. on Catalysis, Vol. 1, eds. M.J. Phillips and M. Ternan (Chem. Inst. Canada, Ottawa, 1988) p. 128.
H. Topsøe, N.Y. Topsøe and B. Clausen, in:Proc. 12th Iberoam. Symp. on Catalysis, Vol. 2 (IBP/CAT, Rio de Janeiro, 1992) p. 762.
S. Eijsbouts, L. van Gruijthuijsen, J. Volmer, V.H.J. de Beer and R. Prins, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 50 (1989) 79.
P. Atanasova and T. Halachev, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 75 (1993) 1907.
P. Atanasova and T. Halachev, Appl. Catal. A 48 (1989) 295.
J. Cruz-Reyes, M. Avalos-Borja, R. Lopez-Cordero and A. Lopez-Agudo, Appl. Catal. A 120 (1994) 147.
J.V. Sanders and K.C. Pratt, J Catal. 67 (1981) 331.
F. Delaney, Appl. Catal. 16 (1985) 135.
J. Cruz-Reyes, M. Avalos-Borja, M.H. Farías and S. Fuentes, J. Catal. 137 (1992) 232.
M.J. Yacamán, G.A. Díaz and A. Gómez, Catal. Today 23 (1995) 161.
A. Benitez, J. Ramirez, A. Vazquez, D. Acosta and A. Lopez-Agudo, Appl. Catal. A 133 (1995) 103.
J. Cruz-Reyes, A. Lopez-Agudo, R. Lopez-Cordero, M.H. Farias, S. Fuentes, M. Avalos-Borja, P. Bartolo-Perez and J.L. Pena, to be published.
R. Lopez-Cordero, J. Ramirez-Solis, J.V. Garcia-Ramos, A. Benitez-Patricio and A. Lopez-Agudo, in:New Frontiers in Catalysis, Part C, Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, Vol. 75, eds. L. Guczi, F. Solymosi and P. Tétényi (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1993) p. 1926.
M.R. Hilton and P.D. Fleischauer, J. Mater. Res. 5 (1990) 406.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cruz-Reyes, J., Lopez-Agudo, A., Lopez-Cordero, R. et al. Phosphorus promoted WS2/Al2O3 catalysts studied by transmission electron microscopy. Catal Lett 42, 119–126 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00810676
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00810676