References
Tata, J.R., The expression of the vitellogenin gene, Cell 9, 1–14 (1976).
Wallace, R.A. and Jared, D.W., Protein incorporation by isolated amphibian oocytes: specificity for vitellogenin incorporation. J. Cell. Biol. 69, 345–351 (1976).
Dehn, P.F. and Wallace, R.A., Sequestred and injected vitellogenin; alternative routes of protein processing in Xenopus ooccytes. J. Cell Biol. 58, 721–724 (1973).
Berridge, M.V. and Lane, C.D. Translation of Xenopus liver mRNA in Xenopus oocytes, vitellogenin synthesis and conversion to yolk platelets. Cell 8, 203–297 (1976).
Habener, J.F. and Kennedy, H.M. Parathyroid hormone biosynthesis: structure and function of biosynthetic precursors. Fed. Proc. 37, 2561–2566 (1978).
Zehavi-Willner, T. and Lane, C.D., Subcellular compartitation of albumin and globin made in oocytes under the direction of injected messenger RNA. Cell/11, 683–693 (1977).
Blobel, G. and Dobberstein, B. Transfer of proteins across membranes. J. Cell Biol. 67, 852–862 (1975).
Lane, C.D. and Knowland, J.S., The injection of RNA into living cells; the use of forg oocytes for the assay of mRNA and the study of the control of gene expression. in: Biochemistry of development. Vol. 3 (R. Weber, ed.) New York, Academic Press, pp. 145–181 (1975).
Asselbergs, F.A.M., van Venrooij, W.J. and Bloemendal, H., Synthesis of lens crystallins in Xenopus oocytes as determined by quantitative immunoprecipitation. Eur. J. Biochem. 87, 517–524 (1978).
Wallace, R.A. and Hollinger, T.G., Turnover of endogenous, micro-injected and sequestred proteins in Xenopus oocytes, Exp. Cell Res. 119, 277–287 (1979).
Asselbergs, F.A.M., Salden, M.H.L. and Bloemendal, H., Kinetics of synthesis and proteolytic processing of precursor polypeptides of Rauscher Leukemia Virus in frog oocytes following micro-injection of viral RNA. J. of Virology, submitted for publication.
Mach, B., Faust, C.F., Vassali, P. and Rungger, D. Different size of the products of the 14S light chain mRNA translated in vitro and in amphibian oocytes. Mol. Biol. Rep. 1, 3–6 (1973).
Beato, M. and Rungger, D. Translation of the messenger RNA for rabbit uteroglobin in Xenopus oocytes. FEBS Lett. 59, 305–309, (1975).
Beato, M. and Nieto, A., Translation of the mRNA for rabbit uteroglobin in cell-free systems. Eur. J. Biochem. 64, 15–25 (1976).
Rapoport, T.A., Thiele, B.J., Prehn, S., Marbaix, G., Cleuter, Y., Hubert, E. and Huez, G., Synthesis of carp proinsulin in Xenopus oocytes. Eur. J. Biochem 87, 229–233 (1978).
Kindas-Mugge, I., Lane C.D. and Kreil, G., Insect-protein synthesis in frog cells: the translation of honey bee promitellin messenger RNA in Xenopus oocytes. J. Mol. Biol. 87, 451–462 (1974).
Kreil, G., Suchanek, G. and Kindas-Mugge, I., Biosynthesis of a secretory polypeptide in honey bee venom glands. Intermediates detected in vivo and in vitro. Fed. Proc. 36, 2081–2088 (1977).
Kourides, I.A. and Weintraub, B.D., mRNA-directed biosynthesis of α-submit of thyrotropin: Translation in cell-free and whole-cell systems. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 298–302 (1979).
Shatkin, A.J., Banerjee, A.K. and Both, G.W., Translation of animal virus RNAs in vitro. in: Comprehensive Virology, Vol. 10 (Fraenkel Conrat H. and Wagner R.R., eds) Plenum Press, New York (1977).
Bertagna, X.Y., Nicholson, W.E., Sorenson, G.D., Pettengill, O.S., Mount, C.D. and Orth, D.N., Corticotropin, lipotropin and β-endorphin production by a human nonpituary tumor in culture: Evidence for a common precursor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75, 5160–5164 (1978).
Cooper, P.D., Genetics of Pcornaviruses, in: Comprehensive Virology, Vol. 9 (Fraenkel-Conrat H. and Wagner, R.R., eds.) Plenum Press, New York, 1977.
Laskey, R.A., Gurdon, J.B. and Crawford, L.V. Translation of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA in oocytes of Xenopus laevis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 69, 3665–3669 (1972).
Laskey, R.A., Mills, A.D., Gurdon, J.B. and Partington, G.A., Protein synthesis in oocytes of Xenopus laevis is not regulated by the supply of mRNA. Cell 11, 345–352 (1977).
Shih, D.S., Shih, C.T., Kew, O., Pallansch, M., Rueckert, R. and Kaesberg, P. Cell-free synthesis and processing on the proteins of poliovirus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 75, 5801–5811 (1978).
Pelham, H.R.B. Translation of encephalomyocarditis virus in vitro yields an active processing enzyme. Eur. J. Biochem. 85, 457–462 (1978).
Shih, D.S., Shih, C.T., Zimmern, D., Rueckert, R.R. and Kaesberg, P. Translation of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA in reticulocyte lysates: Kinetic analysis of the formation of virion proteins and a protein required for processing. J. Virol. 39, 472–480 (1979).
Bishop, J.M. Retroviruses, Ann. Rev. Biochem. 47, 35–88 (1978).
Eisenman, R.N. and Vogt, V.M., Biosynthesis of oncovirus proteins, Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 473, 188–239 (1978).
Stephenson, J.R., Devare, S.G. and Reynolds, F., Translation products of type C RNA tumor viruses, Adv. Cancer Res. 27, 1–54 (1978).
Van Zaane, D., Gielkens, A.J.L. Hesselink, W.G. and Bloemers, H.P.J. Identification of Rauscher leukemia virus-specific mRNAs for the synthesis GAG and ENV gene products. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 74, 1855–1859 (1977).
Mueller-Lantzsch N. and Fan., Monospecific immunoprecipitation ofmurine leukemia virus polyribosomes: Identification of p30 specific messenger RNA. Cell 9, 579–585 (1976).
Salden, M., Asselbergs, F.A.M. and Bloemendal, H. Translation of oncogenic virus RNA in Xenopus laevis oocytes, Nature 259, 696–699 (1976).
Salden, M.H.L., Selten-Versteegen, A.M. and Bloemendal, H. Translation of Rauscher murine leukemia viral RNA. A model for the function of a virus-specific messenger. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 72, 610–618 (1976).
Opperman, H., Bishop, J.M., Varmus, H.E. and Levintow, L., A joint product of the genes gag and pol of avian sarcoma virus: a possible precursor of reverse transcrptase Cell 12, 993–1005 (1977).
Jamjoom, G.A., Naso, R.B. and Arlinghaus, R.B. Further characterization of intracellular precursor polyproteins of Rauscher leukemia virus, Virology 78, 11–34 (1977).
Philipson, L., Anderson, P., Olsheysky, U., Weinberg, R., Baltimore, D. and Gesteland, R. Translation of MuLV and MSV RNAs in nuclease treated reticulocyte extracts: enhancement of the pag-pol polypeptide with yeast suppressor tRNA, Cell 13, 189–199 (1978).
Murphy, E.C., Kopchick, J.J., Watson, K.F. and Arlinghaus, R.B. Cell-free synthesis of a precursor polyprotein containing both gag and pol gene products by Rauscher leukemia virus 35S RNA. Cell 13, 359–369 (1978).
Weiss, S.R., Hackett, P.B., Oppermann, H., Ullrich, A., Levintow, L. and Bishop, J.M. Cell-free translation of avian sarcoma virus RNA: Suppression of the gag termination codon does not augment the synthesis of the joint gag/pol product, Cell. 15, 607–714 (1978).
Kerr, I.M., Olshevsky, U., Lodish, H.F. and Baltimore, D. Translation of murine leukemia virus RNA in cell-free systems from animal cells. J. Virol. 18, 627–735 (1976).
Rothenberg, E., Donaoghue, D.J. and Baltimore, D., Analysis of a 5′ leader sequence on murine leukemia virus 21S RNA: heteroduplex mapping with long reverse transcriptase products. Cell 13, 435–451 (1978).
Gielkens, A.J.L., Van Zaane, D., Bloemers, H.P.H. and Bloemendal, H. Synthesis of Rauscher leukemia virus specific polypeptides in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 356–360 (1976).
Stacey, D.W., Allfrey, V.G. and Hanafusa, H. Microinjection analysis of envelope-glycoprotein messenger activities of avian leukosis virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 1614–1618 (1977).
Ghysdael, J., Hubert, E., Travnicek, M., Bolognesi, D., Burny, A., Cleuter, Y., Huez, G., Kettmann, R., Marbaix, G., Portetelle, D. and Chantrenne, H. Frog oocytes synthesize and completely process the precursor polypeptide to virion structural proteins after microinjection of avian myeloblastosis virus RNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 74, 3230–3234 (1977).
Vogt, V.M., Eisenman, R. and Diggelman, H. Generation of avian myeloblastosis virus structural proteins by proteolytical cleavage of a precursor polypeptide. J. Mol. Biol. 96, 471–493 (1975).
Reynolds, R.K., Van de Ven, W.J.M. and Stephenson, J.R. Translation of type C viral RNAs in Xenopus oocytes; Evidence that the 120,000 molecular wieght polyprotein expressed in Abelson Leukemia virus transformed cells is viral coded. J. Virol. 25, 665–670 (1978).
Burny, A., Bex, F., Chantrenne, H., Cleuter, Y., Dekegel. D., Ghysdael, J., Rettmann, R., Leclercq, M., Leunen, J., Mammerick, M. and Portetelle, D. Bovine leukemia virus involvement in endozootic bovine leukemia. Advances in Cancer Res. Vol. 28 (Klein, G., and Weinhouse, S., eds.) Acad. Press, New York, pp. 252–312, 1978.
Ghysdael, J., Kettmann, R., and Burney, A. Translation of bovine leukemia virus RNAs in heterologous protein synthesizing systems. J. Virology, 29 1978–1998 (1979).
Esteban, M. and Kerr, I.M., The synthesis of encephalomyocarditis virus polypeptides in infected L-cells and cell-free systems. Eur. J. Biochem. 45, 567–576 (1974).
Scupham, R.K., Jones, K.J., Sagik, B.P. and Bose, H.R. Virus directed post-translational cleavage in Sindbis virus-infected cells. J. Virol. 22, 568–571 (1977).
Sacks, T.L., Devare, S.G., Blennerhasset, G.T. and Stephenson, J.R. Nonconditional replication mutants of type C and D retroviruses defective in gag gene-coded post-translational processing. Virology 91, 352–363 (1978).
Von der Helm, K. Cleavage of Rous sarcoma viral polypeptide precursor to internal structural proteins in vitro involves viral protein p. 15. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 74, 911–915 (1977).
Oroszlan, S., Henderson, L.E., Stephenson, J.R., Copeland, T.D., Long, C.W., Ihle, J.N. and Gilden, R.V. Amino and carboxylterminal amino acid sequences of proteins coded by gag and gene of murine leukemia virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 75, 1404–1408 (1978).
Van Zaane, D., Dekker-Michielsen, M.J.A. and Bloemers, H.P.J. Virus-specific precursor polypeptides in cells infected with Rauscher leukemia virus: synthesis, identification and processing. Virology 75, 113–129 (1976).
Edwards, S.A. and Fan, H., Gag-related polyproteins of Moloney murine leukemia virus: Evidence for independent synthesis of glycosylated and unglycosylated forms. J. Virol. 30, 551–563 (1979).
Schultz, A.M. and Oroszlan, S. Murine leukemia virus gag polyproteins: The paptide chain unique to pr 80 is located at the amino terminus, Virology 91, 481–486 (1978).
Rothman, J.E., Katz, F.N. and Lodish, H.F. Glycosylation of a membrane protein is restricted to the growing polypeptide chain but is not necessary for insertion as a transmembrane protein. Cell 15, 1447–1454 (1978).
Jilka, R.L., Cavalieri, R.L., Yaffe, L. and Pestka, S. Synthesis and glycosylation of the MOPC-46B immunoglobulin kappa chain. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 79, 625–630 (1977).
Deacon, N.J. And Erbinger, A. Fucose incorporation into oocyte synthesized rat immunoglobulin, FEBS 79, 191–194 (1977).
Reynolds, F.H., Jr. Premkumar, E. and Pitha, P.M. Interferon activity produced by translation of human interferon messenger RNA in cell-free system and in Xenopus oocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72, 4881–4885 (1975).
Chan, L., Kohler, P.O. and O'Malley, B.W. Translation of ovalbumin mRNA in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Characterization of the system and effects of estrogen on injected mRNA populations. J. Clin. Invest. 57, 576–585 (1976).
Kourides, I.A. and Weintraub, B.D. mRNA-directed biosynthesis of α-submit of thyrotropin: Translation in cell-free and whole-cell systems., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 298–302 (1979).
Nusse, R., Asselbergs, F.A.M., Salden, M.H.L., Michalides, R.J.A.M. and Bloemendal, H. Translation of mouse mammary tumor virus RNA; Precursor polypeptides are phosphorylated during processing. Virology 21, 106–115 (1978).
Axelrod, N., Phosphoproteins of adenovirus 2. Virology 87, 366–383 (1978).
Berns, A.J.M., Van Kraaikamp, M., Bloemendal, H. and Lane, C.D. Calf crystallin in frog cells: The translation of lens cell 14-S mRNA in oocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 69, 1606–1609 (1972).
Berns, A.J.M., Strous, G.J.A.M. and Bloemendal, H. Heterologous in vitro synthesis of lens α-crystallin polypeptide. Nature New Biology 235, 7–9 (1972).
Palmiter, R., Prevention of NH2-terminal acetylation of proteins synthesized in cell-free systems. J. Biol. Chem. 252, 8781–8783 (1977).
Berns, A.J.M., Thesis, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (1972).
Berns, A., Janssen, P. and Bloemendal, H. The molecular weight of the 14S calf lens messenger RNA. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 59, 1157–1164 (1974).
Rollins, J.W. and Flickinger, R.A. Collagen synthesis in Xenopus oocytes after injected of nuclear RNA in frog embryos. Science 178, 1204–1205 (1972).
Beneviste, K., Wilczek, J., Ruggieri, A. and Stern, R. Translation of collagen messenger RNA in a cell-free system derived from wheat germ. Biochemistry 15, 830–835 (1976).
Stevens, R.H. and Williamson, A.R., Specific mRNA molecules from myeloma cells in heterogeneous nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA containing poly-A. Nature 239, 143–146 (1972).
Stevens, R.H. and Williamson, A.R., Translational control of immunoglobulin synthsis: II. Cell-free interaction of myeloma immunoglobulin with RNA. J. Mol. Biol. 78, 517–525 (1978).
Vassart, G., Refetoff, S., Brocas, H., Dinsart, C. and Dumont, J.E., Translation of thyroglobulin 33S messenger RNA as a means of determining thyroglobulin quaternary structure. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 74, 4462–4465 (1977).
Labarca, C. and Paigen, K., mRNA-directed synthesis of catalytically active mouse B-glucuronidase in Xenopus oocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 74, 4462–4465 (1977).
Asselbergs, F.A.M., Koopmans, M., Van Venrooij, W.J. and Bloemendal, H. Post-translational assembly of lens α-crystallin in the reticulocyte lysate and in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Eur. J. Biochem. 91, 65–78 (1978).
Asselbergs, F.A.M., Koopmans, M., Van Venrooij, W.J. and Bloemendal, H., β-crystallin synthesis in Xenopus oocytes. Exp. Eye Res., 28, 475–482 (1979).
Ghysdael, J., Hubert, E., Travnicek, M., Bolognesi, D.P., Cleuter, Y., Huez, G., Marbaix, G., Portetelle, D. and Chantrenne, H. Synthesis and complete processing of a high-molecular-weight precursor polypeptide to viral structural proteins in toad oocytes microinjected with avian myeloblastosis virus ribonucleic acid. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 5, 950–953 (1977).
Katz, R.A., Maniatis, G.M., Guntaka, R.V. Translation of avian sarcoma virus RNA in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 86, 447–453 (1979).
Gedamu, L., Dixon, G.H. and Gurdon, J.B. Studies on the injection of poly(A)+ protamine mRNA in Xenopus laevis oocytes, Exptl. Cell. Res. 117, 325–334 (1978).
Gruber, M. cited in: Campbell P.N. and Blobel, G. The role of organelles in the chemical modification of the primary translation products of secretory proteins. FEBS Lett. 72, 215–226 (1976).
Mous, J., Peeters, B., Rombauts, W. and Heyns, W. Synthesis of rat prostatic binding protein in Xenopus oocytesm and in wheat germ. Biochim. Biophys. Res. Commun. 79, 1111–1116 (1977).
Yip, C.C., Hew, C.-L. and Hsu, H. Translation of messenger ribonucleic acid from isolated pancreatic islets and human insulinoma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 72, 4777–4776 (1975).
Kortbeek-Jacobs, N. and van der Donk, H. Detection of specific antibody producing cells in the porcine colostrum by in ovo translation of their mRNA. J. Immunol. Meth. 24, 195–199 (1978).
Palmiter, R.D., Gagnon, J., Vogt, V.M., Ripley, S. and Eisenman, R.N., The NH2-terminal sequence of the avian oncovirus gap precursor polyprotein (Pr 76gag) Virology 91, 423–433 (1978).
Asselbergs, F.A.M., Thesis, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (1979).
Mous, J., Peeters B., Rombauts W. and Heyns, W. Synthesis and glycosylation of rat prostatic binding protein in Xenopus laevis oocytes. FEBS Letters 103, 81–84 (1979).
Colman, A. and Morser, J. Export of proteins from oocytes of Xenopus laevis. Cell 17, 517–526 (1979).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Asselbergs, F.A.M. Post-synthetic fate of the translation products of messenger RNA microinjected into xenopus oocytes. Mol Biol Rep 5, 199–208 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00782889
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00782889