Depolymerization of GeO₂ and GeO₂ · Sb₂O₃ glasses by Bi₂O₃

Abstract

Glasses that contain at least 60 mol% GeO₂ were prepared in the Bi₂O₃ · GeO₂ and Bi₂O₃ · Sb₂O₃ · GeO₂ systems. Their densities, refractive indices, and infra-red spectra were recorded. Negative molar volume deviations and positive refraction deviations occur for all of the binary glasses. These create deviations for the 60 to 80 mol % GeO₂ ternary glasses that indicate non-ideal mixing when Sb³⁺ substitutes for Bi³⁺. Also, the main Ge-O stretching vibration shifts to as low as 695 cm⁻¹ for the Bi₂O₃-rich binary and ternary glasses. All of these findings show that Bi₂O₃ more effectively depolymerizes GeO₂ than does Sb₂O₃. The probable structural reasons for this behaviour are discussed.