Abstract
Chlorophyll-a in ordinary solvents exhibits concentration quenching. Dimeric chlorophyll is reasonably well confirmed as the quenching species, by a critical reanalysis of available data on concentration dependence and on spectral features, in ordinary solvents, and in several analogous quenching environments. This quenching in the dimer in vitro is somewhat less firmly analyzed as due to a new fast internal conversion. Much peripheral evidence supports transient charge transfer as the cause of internal conversion. The same evidence points to a strong similarity to functional charge transfer in vivo. I suggest that inability to extract P680 may be due to its conversion to a form resembling P700 by addition of water.
A number of straightforward experiments are suggested to test these proposals. In particular, it is desirable to test for the existence of a vibronic perturbation (from a highernπ* state) in the dimer, as an alternative to charge transfer for explaining the “observed” internal conversion. Such a vibronic cause would raise interesting problems for phototrap function in vivo.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Th. Förster, inProceedings of the International Conference on Luminescence, Budapest, 1966, Akadémia Kiadó, Budapest (1968) pp. 160–165.
E. G. McRae and M. Kasha,J. Chem. Phys.,28 (1958) 721–722.
W. F. Watson and R. Livingston,J. Chem. Phys.,18 (1950) 802–809.
R. Livingston, W. F. Watson, and J. McArdle,J. Am. Chem. Soc.,71 (1949) 1542–1550.
R. L. Amster,Photochem. Photobiol.,9 (1969) 331–338.
J. Fernandez and R. S. Becker,J. Chem. Phys.,31 (1959) 467–472.
J. J. Katz and J. R. Norris, Jr., inCurrent Topics in Bioenergetics, Vol. 5 (D. Rao Sanadi and L. Packer, eds.), Academic Press, New York (1973) pp. 41–75.
A. C. Pugh, Unpublished observations, University of Minnesota (1959).
R. Livingston and E. Fujimori,J. Am. Chem. Soc.,80 (1958) 5610–5613.
G. R. Seely, inThe Chlorophylls (L. P. Vernon and G. R. Seely, eds.), Academic Press, New York (1966) pp. 523–568.
W. M. Parson and R. J. Cogdell,Biochim. Biophys. Acta,416 (1975) 105–149.
K. J. Kaufmann, P. L. Dutton, T. L. Netzel, J. S. Leigh, and P. M. Rentzepis,Science,188 (1975) 1301–1304.
P. L. Dutton,Photochem. Photobiol.,24 (1976) 655–657.
I. S. Singh and R. S. Becker,J. Am. Chem. Soc.,82 (1960) 2083–2084.
E. C. Lim and J. M. H. Yu,J. Chem. Phys., 45 (1966) 4742–4743.
R. Li and E. C. Lim,J. Chem. Phys.,57 (1972) 605–611.
N. Kanamaru and E. C. Lim,J. Chem. Phys.,62 (1975) 3252–3257.
R. S. Knox, inBioenergetics of Photosynthesis (Govindjee, ed.), Academic Press, New York (1975) pp. 183–221.
E. T. Rabinowitch,Photosynthesis,11 (1951) 759–777.
Th. Förster,Z. Naturforsch.,4A (1949) 321–327.
K. Ballschmiter, K. Truesdell, and J. J. Katz,Biochim. Biophys. Acta,184 (1969) 604–613.
S. S. Broyde, S. S. Brody, and M. Brody,Biochim. Biophys. Acta,153 (1968) 183–187.
G. R. Seely,J. Phys. Chem.,80 (1976) 441–446.
G. S. Beddard and G. Porter,Nature,260 (1976) 366–367.
K. Ballschmiter and J. J. Katz,J. Am. Chem. Soc.,91 (1969) 2661–2677.
J. J. Katz, K. Ballschmiter, M. Garcia-Morin, H. H. Strain, and R. A. Uphaus,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.,60 (1968) 100–107.
G. L. Closs, J. J. Katz, F. C. Pennington, M. R. Thomas, and H. H. Strain,J. Am. Chem. Soc.,85 (1963) 3809–3821.
K. Sauer, J. R. Lindsay Smith, and A. J. Schultz,J. Am. Chem. Soc.,88 (1966) 2681–2688.
J. O. Hirschfelder, C. F. Curtiss, and R. B. Bird,Molecular Theory of Gases and Liquids, Wiley, New York (1954) p. 849.
G. R. Seely,J. Phys. Chem.,71 (1967) 2091–2102.
G. R. Seely,J. Phys. Chem.,74 (1970) 219–227.
V. P. Gutschick and W. B. Goad,Biophys. J., in revision.
A. J. Campillo, V. H. Kollman, and S. L. Shapiro,Science,193 (1976) 227–229.
A. J. Campillo and S. L. Shapiro, inUltrashort Light Pulses (S. L. Shapiro, ed.), Springer, Berlin (1977) pp. 317–360.
K. Sauer, inBioenergetics of Photosynthesis (Govindjee, ed.), Academic Press, New York (1975) pp. 144–148.
L. L. Shipman, T. M. Cotton, J. R. Norris, and J. J. Katz,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.,73 (1976) 1791–1794.
J. R. Norris, R. A. Uphaus, H. L. Crespi, and J. J. Katz,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.,68 (1971) 625–628.
G. Papageorgiou, inBioenergetics of Photosynthesis (Govindjee, ed.), Academic Press, New York (1975) pp. 320–371.
Th. Förster,Pure Appl. Chem.,4 (1962) 121–134.
R. E. Kellogg and N. C. Wyeth,J. Chem. Phys.,45 (1966) 3156–3158.
B. R. Henry and W. Siebrand, inOrganic Molecular Photophysics (J. B. Birks, ed.), Wiley, New York (1973) pp. 153–237, esp. Fig. 4.7.
P. G. Bowers and G. Porter,Proc. Roy. Soc. (London),A296 (1967) 435–441.
M. N. Usacheva, V. A. Dagaev, and B. Ya. Dain,Teor. Eksper. Khim.,6, (1970) 770–775.
J. Breton and P. Mathis,Compt. Rend.,D271 (1970) 1094–1096.
L. L. Shipman, T. R. Janson, G. J. Ray, and J. J. Katz,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.,72 (1975) 2873–2876.
G. P. Gurinovich, A. N. Sevchenko, and K. N. Solov'ev,Spectroscopy of Chlorophyll and Related Compounds, Izd. Nauka i Tekhn., Minsk (1968). English translation AEC-tr-7199.
H. Leonhardt and A. Weller,Z. phys. chem.,29 (1961) 277–280.
J. B. Birks,Photophysics of Aromatic Molecules, Wiley-Interscience, New York (1970) pp. 429–433.
J. A. Barltrop and J. D. Coyle,Excited States in Organic Chemistry, Wiley, New York (1975) pp. 112–116.
D. Holten, M. Gouterman, W. W. Parson, M. W. Windsor, and M. G. Rockley,Photochem. Photobiol.,23 (1976) 415–424.
M. Gouterman and D. Holten,Photochem. Photobiol.,25 (1977) 85–91.
R. S. Mulliken and W. B. Person,Molecular Complexes, Wiley, New York (1969) pp. 33–41.
T. Saji and A. J. Bard,J. Am. Chem. Soc.,99 (1977) 2235–2240.
B. A. Kiselev, Yu. N. Kozlov, and V. B. Evstigneev,Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR,226 (1976) 210–213.
B. A. Kiselev, Yu. N. Kozlov, and V. B. Evstigneev,Biofizika,15 (1970) 594–601.
J. J. Hopfield,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.,71 (1974) 3640–3644.
M. J. Potasek and J. J. Hopfield,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.,74 (1977) 229–233.
J. D. Fajer, C. Brune, M. S. Davis, A. Forman, and L. D. Spaulding,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.,72 (1975) 4956–4960.
J. Fajer, M. S. Davis, and A. Forman,Biophys. J.,17 (1977) 150a.
K. J. Kaufmann, K. M. Petty, P. L. Dutton, and P. M. Rentzepis,Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.,70 (1976) 839–845.
R. E. Blankenship, T. J. Schaafsma, and W. W. Parson,Biophys. J.,17 (1977) 148a.
A. W. H. Mau and M. Puza,Photochem. Photobiol.,25 (1977) 601–603.
A. A. Krasnovskii, Jr., N. N. Lebedev, and F. F. Litvin,Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR,216 (1974) 39–42.
R. E. Fenna and B. W. Matthews,Nature,258 (1975) 573–577.
M. R. Wasielewski, M. H. Studier, and J. J. Katz,Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.,73 (1976) 4282–4286.
R. S. Becker and M. Kasha,J. Am. Chem. Soc.,77 (1955) 3669–3670.
R. S. Becker and M. Kasha, inThe Luminescence of Biological Systems (F. H. Johnson, ed.), Am. Assoc. Advan. Sci., Washington, D.C. (1955) pp. 25–45.
P.-S. Song, T. A. Moore, and M. Sun,Adv. Food Res.,3 Suppl (1972) 33–77.
P.-S. Song, T. A. Moore, W. H. Gordon III, M. Sun, and C.-N. Ou, inOrganic Scintillators in Liquid Scintillation Counting (D. L. Horrocks and C. T. Peng, eds.), Academic Press, New York (1971) pp. 521–544.
F. F. Litvin, R. I. Personov, and O. N. Karataev,Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR,188 (1969) 1169–1171.
S. L. Madej, S. Okajima, and E. C. Lim,J. Chem. Phys.,65, (1976) 1219–1220.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gutschick, V.P. Concentration quenching in chlorophyll-a and relation to functional charge transferin vivo . J Bioenerg Biomembr 10, 153–170 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00743105
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00743105