Abstract
We examine how the initial state (pre-event corona) affects the numerical MHD simulation for a coronal mass ejection (CME). Earlier simulations based on a pre-event corona with a homogeneous density and temperature distribution at the lower boundary (i.e., solar surface) have been used to analyze the role of streamer properties in determining the characteristics of loop-like transients. The present paper extends these studies to show how a broader class of global coronal properties leads not only to different types of CMEs, but also modifies the adjacent quiet corona and/or coronal holes.
We consider four pre-event coronal cases: (1) constant boundary conditions and a polytropic gas with γ = 1.05; (2) non-constant (latitude dependent) boundary conditions and a polytropic gas with γ = 1.05; (3) constant boundary conditions with a volumetric energy source and γ = 1.67; (4) non-constant (latitude dependent) boundary conditions with a volumetric energy source and γ = 1.67. In all models, the pre-event magnetic fields separate the corona into closed field regions (streamers) and open field regions. The CME's initiation is simulated by introducing at the base of the corona, within the streamer region, a standard pressure pulse and velocity change. Boundary values are determined using MHD characteristic theory.
The simulations show how different CMEs, including loop-like transients, clouds and bright rays, might occur. There are significant new features in comparison to published results. We conclude that the pre-event corona is a crucial factor in dictating CMEs properties.
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Wang, A.H., Wu, S.T., Suess, S.T. et al. Numerical modeling of coronal mass ejections based on various pre-event model atmospheres. Sol Phys 161, 365–381 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00732075
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00732075