Summary
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1.
A study was made of the oxidative dehydrogenation of isopentenes by iodine in the presence of a solid soda acceptor. It was shown that the process occurs with a high yield of isoprene and high selectivity (75.5 and 94.2 wt.%, respectively) at molar ratios of iodine: oxygen: water vapor: isopentenes = 0.05∶1.0∶12.4∶1.0, temperature 520°C, and contact time 1.3 sec.
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2.
It was shown that in the dehydrogenation of isopentenes the yield of isoprene and the selectivity are commensurable in reactors filled with a solid acceptor or a quartz packing.
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3.
It has been established that the reaction rate for the dehydrogenation of isopentenes by iodine is significantly greater than that for the dehydrogenation of isopentane.
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4.
The products arising from extensive oxidation and decomposition during the dehydrogenation of isopentane are formed predominantly by side reactions of the original feedstock, and only in insignificant amounts from the intermediate product, isopentene.
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Literature cited
J. H. Raley, R. D. Mullineaux, and C. W. Bittner, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,85, 3174 (1963).
S. V. Adel'son and V. I. Nikonov, Khim. i Tekhnol. Topliv i Masel, No. 3 (1965).
S. V. Adel'son and V. I. Nikonov, Khim. i Tekhnol. Topliv i Masel, No. 3 (1966).
S. V. Adel'son and V. I. Nikonov, Khim. Prom., No. 8 (1966).
S. V. Adel'son and V. I. Nikonov, Dokl. Akad Nauk SSSR,194, 1, 150 (1967).
S. V. Adel'son, M. M. Nikonova, and V. I. Nikonov, Khim. i Tekhnol. Topliv i Masel, No. 2 (1967).
K. W. Egger, D. M. Golden, and S. W. Benson, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,86, 5420 (1964).
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Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 1, pp. 8–12, January, 1970.