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Etude sur la contamination par les champignons dermatophytes d'une population de petits mammiferes sauvages en Alsace

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Abstract

3782 small wild mammals trapped during a 4 year survey have been examined in relation to a possible contamination by dermatophytes. 15.78% of the animals were contaminated.

The prevailing species wereMicrosporum persicolor andTrichophyton mentagrophytes. The bank voles were significantly more contaminated byM. persicolor (11.63%) than byT. mentagrophytes (4.36%). On the contrary the wood mice were more contaminated byT. mentagrophytes: 13.95% as against 3.50% contaminated byM. persicolor. The male bank voles (13.33%) were more contaminated than the females (9.45%) byM. persicolor and the male wood mice (17.09%) more contaminated than the females (9.95%) byT. mentagrophytes. The occurrence ofM. persicolor in common hamster is noted for the first time. The existence of a pathological lesion in relation to the fungal contamination was noted in the small group of rodents examined histologically: WhenT. mentagrophytes was isolated the hairs were invaded in the endo-ectothrix type pattern; whenM. persicolor was cultivated, hairs are not attacked but only the epidermis.

Résumé

Des 3782 petits mammifères sauvages capturés au cours d'une enquête poursuivie pendant plus de 4 ans, 15,78% sont contaminés par des dermatophytes.

Les espèces de dermatophytes ou champignons, apparentés qui sont rencontrées ne sont que 6;Microsporum persicolor etTrichophyton mentagrophytes sont les espèces dominantes. Les campagnols roussâtres sont, de façon significative, plus contaminés parM. persicolor (11,63%) que parT. mentagrophytes (4,36%). Au contraire, les mulots sont plus contaminés parT. mentagrophytes: 13,95% contre 3,50% contaminés parM. persicolor. Les campagnols roussâtres mâles (13,33%) sont plus contaminés que les femelles (9,45%) parM. persicolor et les mulots mâles (17,09%) plus contaminés que les femelles (9,95%) parT. mentagrophytes. La présence deM. persicolor est notée pour la première fois chez le grand hamster. L'étude histologique de certains animaux permet de remarquer l'existence de lésions dermatophytiques. A l'isolement deT. mentagrophytes correspond une attaque pilaire de type endo-ectothrix; à l'isolement deM. persicolor correspond une attaque limitée à l'épiderme.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut Pasteur, 75724, Paris, Cedex 15, France

    F. Mariat, Jacqueline Chatelain & Marie Ange Rouffaud

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  1. F. Mariat
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  2. Jacqueline Chatelain
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  3. Marie Ange Rouffaud
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Mariat, F., Chatelain, J. & Rouffaud, M.A. Etude sur la contamination par les champignons dermatophytes d'une population de petits mammiferes sauvages en Alsace. Mycopathologia 58, 71–78 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00707175

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