Abstract
The roton contribution to the temperature dependence of the condensate density is discussed. The analysis is carried out through the inclusion of a gauge symmetry breaking field. Under the hypothesis that the thermal excitation of rotons is the main responsible for the depletion of the condensate, we obtain an explicit result for the temperature dependence of the condensate density which rather well agrees with the available experimental data.
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Giorgini, S., Pitaevskii, L. & Stringari, S. Temperature dependence of the condensate fraction of superfluid4 He . J Low Temp Phys 89, 449–452 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00694061
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00694061