Abstract
The surface tension of liquid3He was measured by determining the surface wave velocity in the temperature range from 0.32 to 3.02 K. The decrease of the surface tension from the value at 0 K can be described as 22.3T 2 mdyn/cm up to about 0.9 K and is quite different from that of4He. The extrapolated value to 0 K is 155.7±0.5 mdyn/cm. The data below 1.6 K were compared with Saam's model, where the surface tension is assumed to be given by the bulk free energy times the surface width and the quasi-two-dimensional free energy. Agreement between the data and the results calculated from the model is much improved if ripplons are taken into account. Data near the gas-liquid critical point, contrary to earlier results, show that the surface tension vanishes with a critical exponent of 1.24±0.05. This is in agreement with Widom's theory.
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Iino, M., Suzuki, M., Ikushima, A.J. et al. Surface tension of liquid3He down to 0.3 K. J Low Temp Phys 59, 291–304 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00683780
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00683780