Abstract
Electrons deposited above the free surface of liquid helium exhibit coupled electron-ripplon modes whose frequencies are simply related to the surface tension α of helium. The hydrodynamic expression for the ripplon dispersion relation for pure4He is shown to be valid up to the wavevector range 105 cm−1<q<2×106 cm−1 of the coupled modes. For a small amount of3He (X 3⋍10−6−10−8) added to pure4He, we measure the variation of the surface tension in the 60–600 mK temperature range. These experiments, which cover the frequency range v⋍10–300 MHz, agree fairly well with previous static (capillary) or low-frequency (surface sound velocity) experiments.
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Deville, G. Dynamic measurement of the surface tension of liquid helium with a two-dimensional electron probe. J Low Temp Phys 72, 135–151 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00681729
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00681729