Conclusions
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1.
Increasing the sulfur concentration from 0.030 to 0.055% and the phosphorus concentration from 0.025 to 0.050% lowers the toughness of steel 18B (by 20–35%), lowers the percentage of ductile components in the fracture and the work of crack propagation, and raises the ductile—brittle transition temperature (by 20–30°C).
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2.
The embrittling effects of sulfur and phosphorus are probably due to the increase in the number and size of sulfide inclusions, some of which are located in the boundaries of grains and subgrains of ferrite, and also the increase in the brittleness of ferrite with increasing phosphorus concentrations.
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3.
To prevent embrittlement of steel 18B the sulfur and phosphorus concentrations should not exceed the limits established for low-alloy steels.
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Literature cited
N. I. Sandler et al., “Low-carbon hot rolled steel St3sp with high strength” Stal', 9, 837–839 (1968).
N. I. Sandler et al., “Low-alloy steel 18B with niobium for welded apparatus” Avtomaticheskaya Svarka, 5, 66–68 (1971).
A. P. Gulyaev, “Separation of the impact toughness into its components from test data for samples with different notches” Zavod. Lab., 4, 473–475 (1967).
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Additional information
Ukrainian Scientific-Research Institute of Metals. Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 12, pp. 50–52, December, 1974.
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Rudyuk, S.I., Fel'dman, É.I., Chernov, E.I. et al. Effect of sulfur and phosphorus on the properties of steel 18B. Met Sci Heat Treat 16, 1056–1059 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00664052
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00664052