Fine crystal structure of the surface layer of steel hardened with rollers

Conclusions

• 1. The physical widening of the (220) fringe increases continuously with increasing pressure on the roller and the number of revolutions of the sample. The increase in the rate of motion of the roller and of the number of passes of the roller is characterized by curves with a maximum corresponding to small values of these parameters.

• 2. The increase in the pressure on the roller, the number of revolutions of the samples, and the rate of motion of the roller leads first to a decrease of the I₂₂₀/I_back ratio and then to its increase up to a limit value or to a decrease after the maximum value is reached (for a given rate of motion of the roller). The ration between the intensities increases continuously with increasing numbers of passes of the roller beginning with the third pass.

• 3. An increase in the intensity of rolling leads first to an improvement of the orientation and to fragmentation of grains at the surface and then to scaling with subsequent peeling of the deformed layer from the surface of the sample.