Abstract
The cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) of rat, and its dependence on stagnant blood or endothelial capillary swelling, was studied after 10 min of total ischemia by 10 s single carotid infusion of [14C]butanol in saline. The regional saline flow (CPR) was calculated from the uptake of [14C]butanol. CVR was estimated at infusion pressures ranging from 8–25 kPa (60–190 mm Hg).
At 14.7 kPa (110 mm Hg) infusion pressure, the regional CVR of the non-ischemic group varied between 0.21 and 0.40 kPa 100 g min ml−1. After 10 min of complete global cerebral ischemia, it increased to values between 0.82 and 1.95.
Removal of blood from the brain by rinsing prior to ischemia did not change the CVR in ischemia. Increasing the plasma osmolality by 8% with mannitol before ischemia attenuated the CVR increase in ischemia. Thus, although osmotic swelling of endothelial cells contributed, the main cause of the CVR increase in ischemia was constriction of arterioles.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ames A III, Wright RL, Kowada M, Thurston JM, Majno G (1968) Cerebral ischemia II: The no-reflow phenomenon. Am J Pathol 52:437–454
Bandaranayake NM, Nemoto EM, Stezoski SW (1978) Rat brain osmolality during barbiturate anesthesia and global brain ischema. Stroke 9:249–254
Fischer EG, Ames A III (1972) Studies on mechanisms of impairment of cerebral circulation following ischemia: Effect of hemodilution and perfusion pressure. Stroke 3:538–542
Geigy JR, Geigy SA (1960) Wissenschaftliche Tabellen, Documenta Geigy, Basel, p 519
Ginsberg MD, Budd AW, Welsh FA (1978) Diffuse cerebral ischemia in the cat. 1. Local blood flow during severe ischemia and recirculation. Ann Neurol 3:482–492
Gjedde A, Hansen AJ, Siemkowicz E (1980) Simultaneous determination of regional blood flow and blood-brain glucose transfer in brain of rat. Acta Physiol Scand 108:321–330
Gjedde A, Hindfelt B (1975) Whole-brain blood flow and oxygen metabolism in the rat after halothane anesthesia. Acta Anaesth Scand 19:310–315
Hansen AJ, Gjedde A, Siemkowicz E (1980) Extracellular potassium and blood flow in the post-ischemic rat brain. Pflügers Arch 389:1–7
Hansen AJ, Olsen CE (1980) Brain extracellular space during spreading depression and ischemia. Acta Physiol Scand 108:355–365
Leniger-Follert E, Hossmann KA (1977) Microflow and cortical oxygen pressure during and after prolonged cerebral ischemia. Brain Res 124:158–161
Levy DE, Brierley JB, Plum F (1975) Ischemic brain damage in the gerbil in the absence of “no-reflow”. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 38:1197–1205
Miller JR, Myers RE (1970) Neurological effects of systemic circulatory arrest in the monkey. Neurology 20:715–729
Pappenheimer JR, Maes JP (1942) A quantitative measure of the vasomotor tone in the hind limb muscles of the dog. Am J Physiol 137:187–199
Paulson OB, Hertz MM, Bolwig TG, Lassen NA (1977) Filtration and diffusion of water across the blood-brain barrier in man. Microvasc Res 13:113–124
Payan HM, Levine S, Strebel R (1965) Effects of cerebral ischemia in various strains of rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol 120:208–209
Reivich M, Jehle J, Sokoloff L, Kety SS (1969) Measurement of regional cerebral blood flow with antipyrine-14C in awake cats. J Appl Physiol 27:296–300
Salford LG, Siesjö BK (1974) The influence of arterial hypoxia and unilateral carotid artery occlusion upon regional blood flow and metabolism in the rat brain. Acta Physiol Scand 92:130–141
Siemkowicz E, Hansen AJ (1978) Clinical restitution following cerebral ischemia in hypo-, normo-, and hyperglycemic rats. Acta Neurol Scand 58:1–8
Siemkowicz E, Gjedde A (1980) Post-ischemic coma in rat. Effect of different pre-ischemic blood glucose levels on cerebral metabolic recovery after ischemia. Acta Physiol Scand 110:225–232
Steinwall O, Klatzo J (1966) Selective vulnerability of the blood-brain barrier in chemically induced lesions. J Neurolpathol Exp Neurol 25:542–559
Wade JG, Amtorp O, Sørensen SC (1975) No-reflow state following cerebral ischemia. Arch Neurol 32:381–384
Westergaard E, Van Deurs, B., Brøndsted HE (1977) Increased vesicular transfer of horseradish peroxidase across cerebral endothelium, evoked by acute hypertension. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 37:141–152
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Siemkowicz, E. Cerebrovascular resistance in ischemia. Pflugers Arch. 388, 243–247 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00658489
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00658489