Abstract
A concept of ‘stellar aggregate activity’ is advanced. It is shown that the aggregate activity is too high in order to generate cosmic rays. Two conditions lay claim to cosmic ray primary sources: (i) a very large number of sources (≈104), and (ii) a homogeneous distribution of sources in the Galaxy. Supernovae do not satisfy both those conditions, but stellar aggregates do. The total interstellar medium of the aggregate identifies with a supernova remnant and possesses properties favourable for the acceleration of cosmic rays up to a high energy by statistical mechanisms. The direct suppliers of primary cosmic rays are the flare stars in the aggregates. From the point of view of energetic resources as well as the energetic consistency of cosmic rays, aggregates are equivalent with supernova remmants. The aggregate must also be the source of gamma-rays. The usual UV Cet-type flare stars in the Sun's neighbourhood do not play any role as sources of primary cosmic rays.
The ‘aggregate conception’ connects the very fact of the existence of cosmic rays with the continued star-formation process in Galaxy.
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Gurzadyan, G.A. The activity of stellar aggregates and the origin of cosmic rays. Astrophys Space Sci 113, 213–231 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00650958
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00650958