Viscosity of ternary mixtures. II. Water-tert-butyl alcohol-alkali halides

Abstract

The viscosities of binary alkali halide-water systems and of ternary alkali halide-tert-butyl alcohol-water systems have been measured at 25°C in the water-rich region. The relative viscosities of the ternary solution are expressed by an extended form of the Jones-Dole equation

$$\begin{gathered} \eta /\eta _0 = 1 + {\text{A}}_E {\text{m}}_E^{1/2} + {\text{B}}_E {\text{m}}_E + {\text{B}}_N {\text{m}}_N + {\text{D}}_{EE} m_E^2 \hfill \\ + {\text{D}}_{NN} {\text{m}}_N^2 + {\text{D}}_{EN} {\text{m}}_E {\text{m}}_N + ... \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$

wherem _E andm _N are the molalities of the electrolyte E and nonelectrolyte N expressed in mole-kg⁻¹ of water. The parameterA _E accounts for the long-range ionic forces, andB _E andB _N are the Jones-DoleB coefficients of E and N. It is shown, in particular, that theD _EN term is additive for different ionic pairs and that it can be correlated to the entropic coefficient of pair interaction. TheD _EN coefficients thus seem to reflect some pair interaction contribution to the excess viscosity of ternary mixtures.