Conclusions
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1.
The tendency of steel 12Kh1MF to form abnormal structures (with a low percentage of temper sorbite) is due to the structure of the steel after normalization and increases with decreasing amounts and sizes of bainite sections and also with decreasing ferrite grain sizes.
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2.
Raising the normalization temperature and holding time and lowering the tempering temperature and holding time reduce the probability that abnormal structures will be formed.
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3.
The method of cold deformation affects the kinetics of the transformation of austenite in steel 12Kh1MF. In drawn pipe the amount of bainite after normalization as well as the amount of temper sorbite is larger than in rolled pipe, and thus the strength characteristics are higher. To obtain the same structure and properties in drawn and rolled pipe requires heat treatment conditions that differ.
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4.
The formation of abnormal structures in pipe of steel 12Kh1MF is also affected by the chemical composition and melting procedure.
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Literature cited
K. A. Lanskaya, Heat Resistant Steels [in Russian], Metallurgiya, Moscow (1969).
K. A. Lanskaya, Stal', No. 3 (1963).
B. S. Natapov et al., Izv. Vuzov. Chernaya Metallurgiya, Nos. 4 and 8 (1963).
S. M. Baranov, Fiz. i Khim. Obrabotki Material., No. 4 (1969).
V. I. Psarev et al., Izv. Vuzov. Chernaya Metallurgiya, No. 8 (1963).
O. S. Williams, Stal', No. 7 (1966).
Additional information
All-Union Scientific-Research Pipe Institute. Central Scientific-Research Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy. Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 7, pp. 19–23, July, 1971.
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Lanskaya, K.A., Dolinskaya, L.A. & Khotomlyanskii, G.L. Formation of abnormal structures in pipe of steel 12Kh1MF. Met Sci Heat Treat 13, 551–555 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00648194
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00648194