Abstract
1,3-Dimethylethyleneurea (DMEU) and 1,3-dimethylpropyleneurea (DMPU) were investigated as electrolytic media for a number of alkali metal and triisoamylbutylammonium salts via conductivity measurements over a concentration range of 1–100×10−4 M at 25°C. The data were analyzed by the Fuoss-Shedlovsky, Fuoss-Onsager, and expanded Pitts equations. The limiting equivalent conductivities were about 1.5 times greater in DMEU than in DMPU, which is exactly the ratio of the viscosities. From the Fuoss-Onsager analysis, all salts studied were found to be essentially unassociated in both solvents. From the expanded Pitts equation the extent of association was small, but within a salt series the equation indicated that association decreased in the order iodides, thiocyanates > perchlorate > tetraphenylborates. Neither solvent differentiated between sodium and potassium ion mobilities, indicating a type of solvation behavior different from that in acyclic urea solvents such as tetramethyl- and tetraethylurea.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E. D. Wilhoit and P. G. Sears,Trans. Ky. Acad. Sci. 17, 123 (1956).
H. M. Smiley and P. G. Sears,Trans. Ky. Acad. Sci. 19, 62 (1968).
J. E. Prue and P. J. Sherrington,Trans. Faraday Soc. 57, 1795 (1961).
M. D. Dyke, P. G. Sears, and A. J. Popov,J. Phys. Chem. 71, 4140–4144 (1967).
B. J. Barker and J. A. Caruso,J. Am. Chem. Soc. 93, 1341 (1971).
B. J. Barker, J. Rosenfarb, and E. Riesen,J. Solution Chem. 4, 571 (1975).
J. Rosenfarb, H. L. Huffman, Jr., and J. A. Caruso,J. Chem. Eng. Data, accepted for publication.
M. A. Coplan and R. M. Fuoss,J. Phys. Chem. 68, 1177 (1964).
H. L. Huffman, Jr., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Kentucky, 1972.
H. M. Daggett, E. J. Bair, and C. A. Kraus,J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73, 799 (1951).
G. Jones and D. M. Bollinger,J. Am. Chem. Soc. 57, 280 (1935).
J. E. Lind, Jr., J. J. Zwolenik, and R. M. Fuoss,J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 1557 (1959).
T. Shedlovsky,J. Franklin Inst. 255, 739 (1938); R. M. Fuoss and T. Shedlovsky,J. Am. Chem. Soc. 71, 1496 (1949).
R. M. Fuoss and L. Onsager,J. Phys. Chem. 61, 668 (1957).
R. M. Fuoss and F. Accasina,Electrolytic Conductance (Interscience, New York, 1959).
R. Fernandez-Prini and J. E. Prue,Z. Physik Chem. (Leipzig) 228, 373 (1965).
R. Fernandez-Prini,Trans. Faraday Soc. 65, 3311 (1969).
E. Pitts,Proc. Roy. Soc. (A) 217, 43 (1953).
E. Pitts, B. E. Tabor, and J. Daly,Trans. Faraday Soc. 65, 849 (1969).
P. G. Sears, J. A. Caruso, and A. I. Popov,J. Phys. Chem. 71, 905 (1967).
J. L. Haws and R. L. Kay,J. Phys. Chem. 69, 2420 (1965).
R. L. Kay,J. Am. Chem. Soc. 82, 2099 (1960).
B. J. Barker, H. L. Huffman, Jr., and P. G. Sears,J. Phys. Chem. 78, 2689 (1974).
R. Fernandez-Prini,Trans. Faraday Soc. 64, 2146 (1968); B. M. Lowe, N. A. MacGilp, and J. M. Prichard,J. Chem. Eng. Data 18, 220 (1973).
E. M. Hanna, A. D. Pethybridge, and J. E. Prue,Electrochim. Acta 16, 677 (1971).
C. H. Springer, J. F. Coetzee, and R. L. Kay,J. Phys. Chem. 73, 471 (1969).
G. R. Lester, T. A. Gover, and P. G. Sears,J. Phys. Chem. 60, 1076 (1956).
P. G. Sears, E. D. Wilhoit, and L. R. Dawson,J. Phys. Chem. 59, 373 (1955).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rosenfarb, J., Caruso, J.A. Conductance behavior of electrolytes in 1,3-dimethylethyleneurea and 1,3-dimethylpropyleneurea at 25°C. J Solution Chem 5, 345–354 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00647199
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00647199