Abstract
Arguments are presented which make it very unlikely that Jupiter and Saturn were formed by contraction from initially extended, gaseous states. Formation of these and other planets (in the solar system) by the mechanism of accretion does not appear to present any difficulties.
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Kumar, S.S. On the origin and evolution of Jupiter and Saturn. Astrophys Space Sci 49, L17–L19 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00641998
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00641998