Abstract
Quantitative evaluation of organ damage can be achieved by non-invasive, direct or indirect methods. Direct methods include echography, tomography, scintigraphy and magnetic resonance. The accuracy of these imaging techniques has been demonstrated in human medicine. Most of them have not been validated in animals, however, and their use is limited by cost. Indirect methods are based on determination of the total release of intracellular markers (mainly enzymes) into body fluids. Quantification of organ damage depends on extracellular disposition of the marker. Thus, in the kidney, the marker is directly and totally leaked into the urine and is voided at each micturition. The amount of marker eliminated in this way allows easy quantification of organ damage occurring during the period preceding the micturition.
Muscle markers with molecular weights exceeding 50 kDa reach the blood via the lymph. This results in (a) partial inactivation, (b) delay between cell damage and increased plasma concentration and (c) accumulation in the plasma as long as delivery into the plasma exceeds clearance. In such cases, quantitative evaluation requires pharmacokinetic tools and calculation of the area under the curve (concentration vs time) and of the plasma clearance. Comparison of the intensity and chronology of markers located in different cell compartments may contribute to the understanding of pathophysiological events.
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Originally presented at ECCP 95.
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Lefebvre, H.P., Braun, J.P., Laroute, V. et al. Non-invasive quantification of organ damage. Comparative Haematology International 5, 120–124 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00638930
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00638930