Summary
We have previously demonstrated that blood pressure elevation by acute blood volume expansion is volume-dependent during the infusion period and resistance-dependent in the post-infusion period in normal anesthetized dogs, and that such an increase in blood pressure is associated with a potentiation of the pressor response to norepinephrine. To evaluate the possible renal contribution to these hemodynamic changes, blood volume expansion was performed for 1 h with dextran dissolved in lactated Ringer's solution (20 ml/kg) in 15 nephrectomized dogs. The mean blood pressure, cardiac output and total peripheral resistance at the end of infusion were 126%, 225% and 60%, respectively; 3 h after volume expansion they were 126%, 151%, and 92% respectively. However, in 4 dogs, there was an increase in mean blood pressure (138%) 3 h after volume expansion. This was thought to result from an increase in the total peripheral resistance (133%) associated with the recovery of cardiac output (106%). The pressor response to norepinephrine (0.5 μg/kg) was potentiated after volume expansion. These results indicate that the handling of volume by the kidney contributed to the maintenance of an elevated level of cardiac output. However, nephrectomy did not seem to interfere with the hemodynamic switching of the causative factor for blood pressure elevation from increased cardiac output to increased total peripheral resistance. Neither was the potentiation of pressor response to norepinephrine affected.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baum D, Halter JB, Taborsky GJ Jr, Porte D Jr (1985) Pentobarbital effects on plasma catecholamine, temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. Am J Physiol 248:E95-E100
Berecek KH, Murray RD, Gross F, Brody MJ (1982) Vasopressin and vascular reactivity in the development of DOCA hypertension in rats with hereditary diabetes insipidus. Hypertension 4:3–12
Blaustein MP (1974) The interrelationship between sodium and calcium fluxes across cell membranes. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 70:33–82
Borst JGG, Borst de Geus A (1963) Hypertension explained by Starling's theory of circulatory homeostasis. Lancet 30:677–682
Bravo EL, Tarazi RC, Dustan HP (1977) Multifactorial analysis of chronic hypertension induced by electrolyte-active steroids in trained, unanesthetized dogs. Circ Res 40 [Suppl I]: 140–145
Coleman TG, Granger HJ, Guyton AC (1971) Whole-body circulatory autoregulation and hypertension. Circ Res 29 [Suppl II]: 76–87
Dahl LK, Hein M, Tassinari L (1962) Role of genetic factors in susceptibility to experimental hypertension due to chronic excess salt ingestion. Nature 194:480–482
De Wardener HE (1977) Natriuretic hormone. Clin Sci Mol Med 53:l-8
Denton KM, Anderson WP (1985) Role of angiotensin II in renal wrap hypertension. Hypertension 7:893–898
Eich RH, Cuddy RP, Smulyan H, Lyons RH (1966) Hemodynamics in labile hypertension. Circ Res 34:299–307
Fletcher PJ, Korner PI, Angus JA, Oliver JR (1976) Changes in cardiac output and total peripheral resistance during development of renal hypertension in the rabbit: lack of conformity with the autoregulation theory. Circ Res 39:633–639
Guyton AC, Coleman TG, Cowley AW Jr, Manning RD Jr, Norman RA Jr, Ferguson JD (1974) A systems analysis approach to understanding long range arterial blood pressure control and hypertension. Circ Res 35:159–176
Haddy FJ (1982) Natriuretic hormone — the missing link in low renin hypertension? Biochem Pharmacol 31:3159–3161
Jandhyala BS (1985–86) Is expansion of extracellular fluid volume essential for the development of “volume expanded” hypertension? Clin Exp Hypertens A7 (12): 1647–1662
Julius AS, Weder AB, Egan BM (1983) Pathophysiology of early hypertension: implication for epidemiologic research. In: Gross F, Strasser T (eds) Mild Hypertension. Recent Advances. Raven Press, New York, pp 219–236
Kim KE, Onesti G, Delguercio ET, Greco J, Fernandes M, Eidelson B, Swartz C (1980) Sequential hemodynamic changes in end-stage renal disease and the anephric state during volume expansion. Hypertension 2:102–110
Korner PI (1980) The present status of the autoregulation theory of the pathogenesis of hypertension. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 7:521–526
Ledingham JM, Cohen RD (1964) Changes in the extracellular fluid volume and cardiac output during the development of experimental renal hypertension. Can Med Assoc J 90:292–294
Otsuka A, Ogihara T, Kohara K, Mikami H, Katahira K, Tsunetoshi T, Kumahara Y (1988) Vasoconstriction and hypersensitivity to vasoactive substances after acute volume expansion in dogs. Hypertension 12:59–66
Reid JL, Zivin JA, Kopin IJ (1975) Central and peripheral adrenergic mechanisms in the development of deoxycorticosterone-saline hypertension in rats. Circ Res 37:569–579
Sullivan JM, Prewitt RL, Ratts TE, Josephs JA, Connor MJ (1987) Hemodynamic characteristics of sodium-sensitive human subjects. Hypertension 9:398–406
Zuccala A, Chiarana C, Degli Esposti E, Gaggi R, Santoro A, Sturani A, Zucchelli P (1985) Plasma noradrenaline and blood pressure in uremia. J Clin Hypertens 2:161–169
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tsunetoshi, T., Otsuka, A., Mikami, H. et al. Effect of volume expansion on hemodynamic variables in nephrectomized dogs. Europ. J. Appl. Physiol. 58, 705–709 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00637380
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00637380