Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The early phase of experimental acute renal failure

IV. The diluting ability of the short loops of Henle

  • Transport Processes, Metabolism and Endocrinology; Kidney, Gastrointestinal Tract, and Exocrine Glands
  • Published:
Pflügers Archiv Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Experiments were conducted to establish whether diminished solute reabsorption in the loop of Henle during acute renal failure could explain the loss of urinary concentration and participate in generating a tubuloglomerular feedback-mediated reduction in filtration rate. The electrolyte content of the fluid in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle was determined in situ by monitoring its electrical conductivity after propulsion into the distal tubule with a sudden burst perfusion. The value of the minimum electrolyte concentration decreased exponentially with increasing equilibration time, reaching a steady-state value equivalent to 27±9 mM NaCl in normal kidneys, 34±15 mM in mercuric chloride kidneys and 53±22 mM following ischaemia. A mathematical model was derived to describe the process of sodium chloride dilution from which it was possible to calculate both the permeability and transport velocity of the cortical thick ascending limb. In the normal kidney, the transport velocity was calculated to be 4.65±0.92 ·10−5 cm/s, a value not significantly different from that of the mercuric chloride or ischaemic kidneys, and the estimated permeability was 1.13±0.52·10−5 cm/s, not different from that of the mercuric chloride kidneys but significantly lower than that calculated for the ischaemic kidneys. It is concluded that for the more severely damaged ischaemic model, the loss of urinary concentrating ability was accompanied by a reduction in diluting ability of the ascending limb of the short loop of Henle, which appears to be due, at least in part, to an elevation of the passive permeability to sodium chloride in this segment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bank, N., Mutz, B. F., Aynedjian, H. S.: The role of “leakage” of tubular fluid in anuria due to mercury poisoning. J. Clin. Invest.46, 695–704 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Barenberg, R., Solomon, S., Papper, S., Anderson, R.: Clearance and micropuncture study of renal function in mercuric chloride treated rats. J. Lab. Clin. Med.72, 473–484 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Barr, A. J., Goodnight, J. H., Sall, J. P., Helwig, H. T.: A user's guide to SAS 76. Raleigh, North Carolina: Sparks Press 1976

    Google Scholar 

  4. Biber, T. U. L., Mylle, M. M. A., Baines, A. D., Gottschalk, C. W., Oliver, J. R., MacDowell, M. C.: A study by micropuncture and microdissection of acute renal damage in rats. Amer. J. Med.44, 664–705 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Blantz, R. C.: The mechanism of acute renal failure after uranyl nitrate. J. Clin. Invest.55, 621–635 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Brandt-Rehberg, P. von: Über die Bestimmung der Menge des Glomerulumfiltrates mittels Kreatinin als Nierenfunktions-prüfung, nebst einigen Theorien über die Harnableitung. Zentralbl. Inn. Med.50, 367–377 (1929)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Burg, M. B., Green, N.: Function of the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. Amer. J. Physiol.224, 659–668 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Daugharty, T. M., Ueki, I. F., Mercer, P. M., Brenner, B. M.: Dynamics of glomerular ultrafiltration in the rat. V. response to ischemic injury. J. Clin. Invest.53, 105–116 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  9. DiBona, G. F., Sawin, L. L.: The renin-angiotensin system in acute renal failure in the rat. Lab. Invest.25, 528–532 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Eliahou, H. E., Bata, A.: The diagnosis of acute renal failure. Nephron2, 287–295 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Flamenbaum, W., McNeil, J. S., Kotchen, T. A., Lowenthal, D., Nagle, R. B.: Glycerol-induced acute renal failure after acute plasma renin activity suppression. J. Lab. Clin. Med.82, 587–596 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Flamenbaum, W., Huddleston, M. L., McNeil, J. S., Hamburger, R. J.: Uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure in the rat: Micropuncture and renal hemodynamic studies. Kidney Int.6, 408–418 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Flamenbaum, W., Hamburger, R., Kaufman, J.: Distal tubule [Na+] and juxtaglomerular apparatus renin activity in uranyl nitrate induced acute renal failure in the rat. An evaluation of the role of tubuloglomerular feedback. Pflügers Arch.364, 209–215 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Flanigan, W. J., Oken, D. E.: Renal micropuncture study of the development of anuria in the rat with mercury-induced acute renal failure. J. Clin. Invest.44, 449–457 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Gertz, K. H.: Transtubuläre Natriumchloridflüsse und Permeabilität für Nichtelectrolyte im proximalen und distalen Konvolut der Rattenniere. Pflügers Arch.276, 336–356 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Goormaghtigh, N.: L'appareil neuro-myo-arteriel juxtaglomerullaire du rein: ses reaction en pathologie, et ses rapports avec le tube urinefere. Comp. Rend. Soc. Biol. Belg.124, 293–296 (1937)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Gutsche, H. U., Müller-Suur, T., Hegel, U.: Intratubular conductivity measurements in the rat kidney. Pflügers Arch.339, R46 Abst. 92 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Gutsche, H. U., Müller-Suur, R., Hierholzer, K.: Direct evaluation of diluting capacity of ascending limbs in vivo. VI. International Congress of Nephrology, Abst. 44. Florence 1975

  19. Gutsche, H. U., Müller-Suur, R., Hegel, U., Hierholzer, K., Lüderitz, S.: A new method for intratubular blockade in micropuncture experiments. Pflügers Arch.354, 197–202 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Henry, L. N., Lane, C. E., Kashgarian, M.: Micropuncture studies of the pathophysiology of acute renal failure in the rat. Lab. Invest.19, 309–314 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Hierholzer, K., Müller-Suur, R., Gutsche, H. U., Butz, M., Lichtenstein, I.: Filtration in surface glomeruli as regulated by flow rate through the loop of Henle. Pflügers Arch.352, 315–337 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Jaenike, J. R.: Micropuncture study of methemoglobin-induced acute renal failure in the rat. J. Lab. Clin. Med.73, 459–468 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Loew, D., Meng, K.: Acute renal failure in experimental shock due to scalding. Kidney Int.10, suppl. 6, 81–85 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Lohfert, H., Lichtenstein, I., Butz, M., Hierholzer, K.: Continuous measurement of renal intratubular pressures with a combined pressure transducer microperfusion system. Pflügers Arch.327, 191–202 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Mason, J., Olbricht, C., Takabatake, T., Thurau, K.: The early phase of experimental acute renal failure. I. Intratubular pressure and obstruction. Pflügers Arch.370, 155–163 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Mason, J., Takabatake, T., Olbricht, C., Thurau, K.: The early phase of experimental acute renal failure. III. Tubuloglomerular feedback. Pflügers Arch.373, 69–76 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Morgan, T., Berliner, R. W.: A study by continuous microperfusion of water and electrolyte movements in the loop of Henle and distal tubule of the rat. Nephron6, 388–405 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Oken, D. E., Acre, M. L., Wilson, D. R.: Glycerol-induced hemoglobinuric acute renal failure in the rat. I. Micropuncture study of the development of oliguria. J. Clin. Invest.45, 724–735 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Olbricht, C., Mason, J., Takabatake, T., Hohlbrugger, G., Thurau, K.: The early phase of experimental acute renal failure. II. Tubular leakage and the reliability of glomerular markers. Pflügers Arch.372, 251–258 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Orloff, J.: Pitfalls in the use of stop-flow for the localisation of diuretic action, with special reference to Na reabsorption. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.139, 344–355 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Rocha, A. S., Kokko, J. P.: Sodium chloride and water transport in the thick ascending limb of Henle. Evidence for active chloride transport. J. Clin. Invest.52, 612–623 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Ruiz-Guinazu, A., Coelho, J. B., Paz, R. A.: Methaemoglobin-induced acute renal failure in the rat. Nephron4, 257–275 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Schnermann, J., Nagel, W., Thurau, K.: Die frühdistale Natriumkonzentration in Rattennieren nach renaler Ischämie und hämorrhagischer Hypotension. Pflügers Arch.287, 296–310 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Schnermann, J., Wright, F. S., Davis, J. M., Stackelberg, W. von, Grill, G.: Regulation of superficial nephron filtration rate by tubulo-glomerular feedback. Pflügers Arch.318, 147–175 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Schnermann, J., Ploth, D. W., Hermle, M.: Activation of tubuloglomerular feedback by chloride transport. Pflügers Arch.362, 229–240 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Schnermann, J., Moore, L. C., Yarimizu, S.: Impairment of autoregulation of nephron filtration rate (NGFR) during blockade of tubuloglomerular feedback. Pflügers Arch.373, R32 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Stein, J. H., Gottschall, J., Osgood, R. W., Ferris, T. F.: Pathophysiology of a nephrotoxic model of acute renal failure. Kidney Int.8, 27–41 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Steinhausen, M., Eisenbach, G. M., Helmstädter, V.: Concentration of lissamine Green in proximal tubules of antidiuretic and mercury poisoned rats and the permeability of these tubules. Pflügers Arch.311, 1–15 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Tanner, G. A., Sophasen, S.: Kidney pressures after temporary renal artery occlusion in the rat. Amer. J. Physiol.230, 1173–1181 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Tanner, G. A., Sloan, K. L., Sophasan, S.: Effects of renal artery occlusion on kidney function in the rat. Kidney Int.4, 377–389 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Thiel, G., McDonald, F. D., Oken, D. E.: Micropuncture studies of the basis for protection of renin depleted rats from glycerol induced acute renal failure. Nephron7, 67–79 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Wilson, D. R., Thiel, G., Arce, M. L., Oken, D. E.: Glycerol induced hemoglobinuric acute renal failure in the rat. III. Micropuncture study of the effects of mannitol and isotonic saline on individual nephron function. Nephron4, 337–355 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Wilson, D. R., Thiel, G., Arce, M. L., Oken, D. E.: The role of the concentration mechanism in the development of acute renal failure: Micropuncture studies using diabetes insipidus rats. Nephron6, 128–139 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. Hans-Ulrich Gutsche

    Present address: Abteilung für spezielle Nephrologie, 1. Med. Klinik der Universität, Schittenhelmstrasse 12, D-2300, Kiel 1, Federal Republic of Germany

  2. Leon Moore

    Present address: Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 11794, Stony Brook, New York, U.S.A.

  3. Roland Müller-Suur

    Present address: Klin. Fysiol. Centrallab., Academiska Sjukhuset, S-75014, Uppsala, Sweden

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physiologisches Institut, Universität München, Pettenkoferstrasse 12, D-8000, München 2, Federal Republic of Germany

    June Mason & Leon Moore

  2. Institut für klinische Physiologie, Klinikum Steglitz der Freien Universität Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, D-1000, Berlin 45

    Hans-Ulrich Gutsche & Roland Müller-Suur

Authors
  1. June Mason
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hans-Ulrich Gutsche
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Leon Moore
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Roland Müller-Suur
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mason, J., Gutsche, HU., Moore, L. et al. The early phase of experimental acute renal failure. Pflugers Arch. 379, 11–18 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00622899

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00622899

Key words

Search

Navigation