Abstract
This review describes a particular class of neutral defect complexes in GaP, represented by the variety of Cu-related centres, which are observed to bind excitons in a spin-like singlet-triplet configuration. The reasons for this are discussed and two subgroups are defined. One of these consists of centres which bind holes in localized orbitally nondegenerate spin states, but give rise to highly structured optical spectra. The other group is characterized by featureless photoluminescence spectra in the mid-gap spectral region due to a tight binding of both the electron and hole in spin-like states. Both groups are well described with an essentially identical spin-Hamiltonian formalism, as detailed optically detected magnetic resonance measurements have revealed. The relation of this class of neutral defects in GaP to similar complexes in other semiconductors is discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
L.A. Hemstreet: Phys. Rev. B21, 4711 (1980)
L.A. Hemstreet: In13th Int. Conf. on Defects in Semiconductors, ed. L.C. Kimerling, J.C. Parsey, Jr. (Metallurgical Society of AIME, Warrendale PA 1985)
V.A. Singh, A. Zunger: Phys. Rev. B31, 3729 (1985)
H.G. Grimmeiss, B. Monemar, L. Samuelson: Solid State Electron.21, 1505 (1978)
P.O. Fagerström, H.G. Grimmeiss, H. Titze: J. Appl. Phys.49, 3341 (1978)
T.N. Kennedy, N. Wilsey: Phys. Rev. B32, 6942 (1985)
H.P. Gislason, F. Rong, G.D. Watkins: Phys. Rev. B32, 6945 (1985)
E. Cohen, M.D. Sturge, N.O. Lipari, M. Altarelli, A. Baldereschi: Phys. Rev. Lett.35, 1591 (1975)
T.N. Morgan, B. Weiber, R.N. Bhargava: Phys. Rev.166, 751 (1968)
C.H. Henry, P.J. Dean, J.D. Cuthbert: Phys. Rev.166, 754 (1968)
P.J. Dean: Phys. Rev. B4, 2596 (1971)
F. Rong, W.A. Barry, J. Donegan, G.D. Watkins: Phys. Rev. B37, 4329 (1988)
See e.g. R.K. Watts: InPoint Defects in Crystals (Wiley, New York 1977) and references therein
J.J. Hopfield, R.G. Thomas, R.T. Lynch: Phys. Rev. Lett.17, 312, (1966)
H. Seidel, H.C. Wolf: InPhysics of Color Centers, ed. by W.B. Fowler (Academic, New York 1968) p. 537
R.S. Title: Phys. Rev.154, 668 (1967)
F. Mehran, T.N. Morgan, R.S. Title, S.E. Blum: Phys. Rev. B6, 3917 (1972)
U. Kaufmann, J. Schneider, A. Räuber: Appl. Phys. Lett.29, 312 (1976)
B. Monemar, U. Lindefelt, M.E. Pistol: J. Luminescence36, 149 (1986)
W.M. Chen, M. Godlewski, B. Monemar, H.P. Gislason: InDefects in Electronic Materials, Proceedings of the MRS 1987 Fall Meeting, ed. by M. Stavola, G. Davies (MRS, Pittsburg PA 1988) p. 443
G.D. Watkins: InPoint Defects in Solids, eds. J.H. Crawford, L.M. Slifkin (Plenum, New York 1975) Vol. 2, pp. 333–392
S.E. Stokowski, D.D. Sell: Phys. Rev. B5, 1636 (1972)
L. Liu: Phys. Rev.126, 1317 (1972)
K. Zanio: InSemiconductors and Semimetals, ed. by K. Willardson, A.C. Beer (Academic, New York 1978) Vol. 3
B. Monemar, E. Molva, Le Si Dang: Phys. Rev. B33, 1134 (1986)
P.O. Holtz, B. Monemar, H.P. Gislason, N. Magnea: J. Luminescence34, 245 (1986)
D.G. Thomas, J.J. Hopfield, C.J. Frosch: Phys. Rev. Lett.15, 857 (1965)
B. Monemar, P.O. Holtz, W.M. Chen, H.P. Gislason, U. Lindefelt, M.E. Pistol: Phys. Rev. B34, 8656 (1986)
W.M. Chen, Q.X. Zhao, B. Monemar, H.P. Gislason, P.O. Holtz: Phys. Rev. B35, 5722 (1987)
P.J. Dean, D.C. Herbert: InTopics in Current Physics, Vol. 14, Excitons, ed. by K. Cho (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1979) pp. 55–182
See e.g. B. Monemar, U. Lindefelt, W.M. Chen: InProc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Shallow Impurity Centres. Trieste, 1986. Physica146 B, 256–285 (1987)
W.M. Chen, B. Monemar, H.P. Gislason, M. Godlewski, M.E. Pistol: Phys. Rev. B37, 2558, (1988)
R.N. Bhargava, S.K. Kurtz, A.T. Vink, R.C. Peters: Phys. Rev. Lett.27, 183 (1972)
B. Monemar, H.P. Gislason, P.J. Dean, D.C. Herbert: Phys. Rev. B25, 7719 (1982)
D.R. Wight, J.W.A., Trussler, W. Harding: InProceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors Warsaw, 1972, ed. by M. Miasek, (PWN-Polish Scientific, Warsaw 1972) p. 1091
H.P. Gislason, B. Monemar, P.J. Dean, D.C. Herbert, S. Depinna, B.C. Cavenett, N. Killoran: Phys. Rev. B26, 827 (1982)
P.J. Dean: J. Luminescence7, 51 (1973)
M.J. Kane, P.J. Dean, M.S. Skolnick, W. Hayes: J. Phys. C17, 6127 (1984)
H.P. Gislason, B. Monemar, P. Bergman, M.E. Pistol: Phys. Rev. B38 (1988) in press
H.P. Gislason, G.D. Watkins: InMicroscopic Identification of Electronic Defects in Semiconductors, ed. by N.M. Johnson, S.G. Bishop, G.D. Watkins (MRS, Pittsburg PA 1985) p. 425
M.E. Pistol, B. Monemar: J. Phys. C17, L 943 (1984)
P.J. Dean: InProceedings of the International Conference on Luminescence, Leningrad, 1972, ed. F. Williams (Plenum, New York 1973) p. 538
H.P. Gislason, B. Monemar, M.E. Pistol, P.J. Dean, D.C. Herbert, A. Kana'ah, B.C. Cavenett: Phys. Rev. B31, 3774 (1985)
A. Kana'ah, B.C. Cavenett, H.P. Gislason, B, Monemar, M.E. Pistol: J. Phys. C19, 1239 (1986)
H.P. Gislason, B. Monemar, M.E. Pistol, P.J. Dean, D.C. Herbert, S. Depinna, A. Kana'ah, B.C. Cavenett: Phys. Rev. B32, 3958 (1985)
H.P. Gislason, B. Monemar, M.E. Pistol, A. Kana'ah, B.C. Cavenett: Phys. Rev. B33, 1233 (1986)
W.M. Chen, B. Monemar, M. Godlewski, H.P. Gislason, M.E. Pistol: Phys. Rev. B38 (1988) (in press)
W.M. Chen, B. Monemar: Phys. Rev. B36, 7948 (1987)
P. Bergman, B. Monemar: J. Luminescence38, 87 (1987)
M. Godlewski, W.M. Chen, B. Monemar: Phys. Rev. B37, 2570 (1988)
M. Godlewski, W.M. Chen, B. Monemar, H.P. Gislason: InProceedings of the 5th International Conference on Semiinsulating III–V Materials, Malmö, 1988, ed. by L.Å, Ledebo, G. Grossmann (1988) (in press)
W.M. Chen, H.P. Gislason, B. Monemar: Phys. Rev. B36, 5058 (1987)
W.M. Chen, B. Monemar, M. Godlewski: Phys. Rev. B37, 2564 (1968)
T.N. Kennedy, N.D. Wilsey: In13th Int. Conf. on Defects in Semiconductors, ed. by L.C. Kimerling, J.C. Parsey, Jr. (Metallurgical Society of AIME, Warrendale PA 1985) p. 929
N. Killoran, B.C. Cavenett, M. Godlewski, T.A. Kennedy, N.D. Wilsey: J. Phys. C15, L 723 (1982)
K.P. O'Donnell, K.M. Lee, G.D. Watkins: Solid State Commun.44, 1015 (1982)
W.M. Chen, B. Monemar, M. Godlewski: InDefects in Semiconductors, ed. by H.J. von Bardeleben, Mat. Sci. Forum (Trans. Tech. Publications, Aedermannsdorf 1988) (in press)
W. Schairer, D. Bimberg, W. Kottler, K. Cho, M. Schmidt: Phys. Rev. B13, 3452 (1976)
P.E. Simmonds, H. Venghaus, R. Sooryakumar, P.J. Dean: Solid State Commun.43, 311 (1982)
L.M. Roth, B. Lax: Phys. Rev. Lett.3, 217 (1959)
G. Davies: J. Phys. C17, 6331 (1984)