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Human skin proteases

Partial Purification and Characterization of a Protease Inhibitor

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Summary

A protease inhibitor was partially purified from human skin extracts by using Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. It was found to affect trypsin, chymotrypsin, plasmin, thrombin and some human skin proteases, especially those which hydrolyze casein, N-acetyl-l-tyrosine ethyl ester·HCl (ATEE) andl-tyrosine ethyl ester·HCl (TEE) at around pH 8.0. It did not inhibit proteases which hydrolyze N-α-benzoyl-l-arginine ethyl ester·HCl (BAEE) and N-α-benzoyl-dl-arginine p-nitroanilide·HCl (BAPA) at around pH 8.0 or proteases which act optimally at acidic pH. The inhibitor was immunologically identified as alfa-1-antitrypsin. Its amount in different kinds of extracts varied markedly and it was found to be present in epidermal as well as dermal extracts and in blister fluids, but not in concentrated human sweat. Another serum protease inhibitor, alfa-2-macroglobulin, was found in human skin extracts by immunological means at a very low concentration.

The role of the protease inhibitors in regulating the proteolytic activity in human skin was discussed.

Zusammenfassung

Ein Protease-Inhibitor wurde aus Extrakten menschlicher Haut gewonnen und unter Verwendung von Sephadex G-100 Gel-Filtration und DEAE-Cellulosechromatographie teilweise gereinigt. Die Substanz hemmt Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, Plasmin, Thrombin sowie weitere Proteasen aus menschlicher Haut, insbesondere solche mit Casein-hydrolysierenden Eigenschaften, N-acetyl-l-tyrosine-äthylester-HCl (ATEE) undl-tyrosin-äthylester-HCl (TEE) bei einem pH von etwa 8,0.

N-α-benzoyl-dl-arginin-äthlyester-HCl (BAEE) und N-α-benzoyl-dl-arginin-p-nitroanilid-HCl (BAPA) bei pH 8,0 hydrolysierende Proteasen wie auch Proteasen mit einem sauren pH-Optimum wurden nicht gehemmt. Die immunologische Identifikation dieses Hemmfaktors zeigte, daß es sich um Alpha-1-Antitrypsin handelt. Die Substanz lag in verschiedenen Extrakten in unterschiedlicher Menge vor und wurde sowohl in epidermalen wie auch in dermalen Extrakten sowie in Blasenflüssigkeit, nicht jedoch in menschlichem Schweiß gefunden. Ein weiterer Protease-Inhibitor, nämlich das Alpha-2-Makroglobulin wurde mit immunologischen Methoden in menschlichen Hautextrakten gefunden. Es lag in sehr niedrigen Konzentrationen vor. Die Bedeutung der Protease-Inhibitoren bei der Steuerung der proteolytischen Aktivität der menschlichen Haut wurde diskutiert.

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Fräki, J.E., Hopsu-Havu, V.K. Human skin proteases. Arch. Derm. Forsch. 243, 153–163 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00595492

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