Abstract
-
1.
FourPseudomonas strains, anAchromobacter sp., threeNocardia strains,Mycobacterium coeliacum and aBacillus sp., grown on either phenol or benzoic acid as sole carbon source, were tested for co-oxidation of monochlorophenols and monochlorobenzoates respectively.
-
2.
ThePseudomonas spp.,Nocardia spp.,M. coeliacum and theBacillus sp. showed O2-uptakes in the presence ofo-, m- orp-chlorophenol and oxidised them to either 3- or 4-chlorocatechol.
-
3.
Benzoate-grown cells of the threeNocardia spp. and three of the pseudomonads absorbed O2 only in the presence ofm-chlorobenzoate, 4-chlorocatechol being identified as the oxidation product in two cases. One pseudomonad gave some O2-uptake also in presence ofp-chlorobenzoate.
-
4.
Benzoate-grownBacillus cells gave O2-uptakes with eitherm- orp-chlorobenzoate and the former was oxidised to 5-chloro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid via 5-chlorosalicylic acid, thus representing a novel metabolic pathway.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bartels, R.: Phenolzersetzende Bodenbakterien. Zbl. Bakt., II Abt.103, 1–38 (1940)
Bergey's Manual Determinative Bacteriology, 7th ed., R. S. Breed, E. G. D. Murray and N. R. Smith, Eds. London: Baillière, Tindall and Cox 1957
Claus, D., Walker, N.: The decomposition of toluene by soil bacteria. J. gen. Microbiol.36, 107–122 (1964)
Gray, P. H. H., Thornton, H. G.: Soil bacteria that decompose certain aromatic compounds. Zbl. Bakt., II Abt.73, 74–96 (1928)
Horvath, R. S.: Microbial co-metabolism and the degradation of organic compounds in Nature. Bact. Rev.36, 146–155 (1972)
Horvath, R. S., Alexander, M.: Co-metabolism of m-chlorobenzoate by anArthrobacter. Appl. Microbiol.20, 254–258 (1970a)
Horvath, R. S., Alexander, M.: Co-metabolism: a technique for the accumulation of biochemical products. Canad. J. Microbiol.16, 1131–1132 (1970b)
Ichihara, A., Adachi, K., Hosokawa, K., Takeda, Y.: The enzymatic hydroxylation of aromatic carboxylic acids; substrate specificities of anthranilate and benzoate oxidases. J. biol. Chem.237, 2296–2302 (1962)
Johnston, H. W., Briggs, G. G., Alexander, M.: Metabolism of 3-chlorobenzoic acid by a pseudomonad. Soil Biol. Biochem.4, 187–190 (1972)
Kilby, B. A.: The bacterial oxidation of phenol to β-keto-adipic acid. Biochem. J.43, v (1948)
Lightowler, J. E., Rylance, H. J.: Substituted dihydroxybenzoic acids as possible anti-inflammatory agents. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.15, 633–638 (1963)
Raymond, D. G. M., Alexander, M.: Microbial metabolism and co-metabolism of nitrophenols. Pesticide Biochem. Physiol.1, 123–130 (1971)
Stanier, R. Y., Palleroni, N. J., Doudoroff, M.: The aerobic pseudomonads: a taxonomic study. J. gen. Microbiol.43, 159–271 (1966)
Van Berkum, P., Spokes, J. R., Walker, N.: Metabolism of 1-naphthol by a soilPseudomonas sp. Soil Biol. Biochem. (in preparation)
Walker, N.: Report of Rothamsted Experimental Station for 1965, p. 82
Walker, N.: Report of Rothamsted Experimental Station for 1971, part 1, pp. 91–92 (1971)
Walker, N.: Metabolism of chlorophenols byRhodotorula glutinis. Soil Biol. Biochem.5, 525–530 (1973)
Walker, N., Harris, D.: Metabolism of 3-chlorobenzoic acid byAzotobacter species. Soil Biol. Biochem.2, 27–32 (1970)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Spokes, J.R., Walker, N. Chlorophenol and chlorobenzoic acid co-metabolism by different genera of soil bacteria. Arch. Microbiol. 96, 125–134 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00590169
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00590169