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Chromosome pairing relationships among the A, B, and D genomes of bread wheat

Theoretical and Applied Genetics volume 82, pages 441–449 (1991)Cite this article

Summary

Chromosome pairing and chiasma frequency were studied in bread wheat euhaploids (2n = 3x = 21; ABD genomes) with and without the major pairing regulatorPh1. This constitutes the first report of chromosome pairing relationships among the A, B, and D genomes of wheat without the influence of an alien genome. AllPh1 euhaploids had very little pairing, with 0.62–1.05 rod bivalents per cell; ring bivalents were virtually absent and mean arm-binding frequency (c) values ranged from 0.050 to 0.086. In contrast, theph1b euhaploids had extensive homoeologous pairing, with chiasma frequency 7.5–11.6 times higher than that in thePh1 euhaploids. They had 0.53–1.16 trivalents, 1.53–1.74 ring bivalents, and 2.90–3.57 rod bivalents, withc from 0.580 to 0.629. N-banding of meiotic chromosomes showed strongly preferential pairing between chromosomes of the A and D genomes; 80% of the pairing was between these genomes, especially in the presence of theph1b allele. The application of mathematical models to unmarked chromosomes also supported a 2∶1 genomic structure of theph1b euhaploids. Numerical modeling suggested that about 80% of the metaphase I association was between the two most related genomes in the presence ofph1b, but that pairing under Ph1 was considerably more random. The data demonstrate that the A and D genomes are much more closely related to each other than either is to B. These results may have phylogenetic significance and hence breeding implications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA-ARS, Forage and Range Research Laboratory, Utah State University, 84322-6300, Logan, UT, USA

    P. P. Jauhar & J. H. Bennett

  2. Department of Plant Science, Utah State University, 84322, Logan, UT, USA

    O. Riera-Lizarazu & W. G. Dewey

  3. Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, 66506, Manhattan, KS, USA

    B. S. Gill

  4. Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, 77843, College Station, TX, USA

    C. F. Crane

Authors
  1. P. P. Jauhar
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  2. O. Riera-Lizarazu
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  3. W. G. Dewey
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  4. B. S. Gill
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  5. C. F. Crane
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  6. J. H. Bennett
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Additional information

Communicated by G. S. Khush

This paper is dedicated to the memory of the late Ernest R. Sears

Cooperative investigations of the USDA-Agricultural Research Service and the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Logan, UT 84322, USA. Approved as Journal Paper No. 3986

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Jauhar, P.P., Riera-Lizarazu, O., Dewey, W.G. et al. Chromosome pairing relationships among the A, B, and D genomes of bread wheat. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 82, 441–449 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00588597

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00588597

Key words

  • Homoeologous chromosome pairing
  • Ph1 pairing regulator
  • Genome relationships
  • Euhaploid
  • Giemsa N-banding