Summary
In a study including nearly 2400 medical school applicants, successful and unsuccessful candidates were compared as regards birth order and family size. Both groups had a significantly higher incidence of first-borns than would be expected, with the accepted group showing this trend to a somewhat greater degree. Analysis shows that minority and female applicants were, in great measure, responsible for these differences. The relative advantage of the first-born and disadvantage of the last-born as regards medical school admission was found to increase with family size. Data from a second medical school corroborated these findings.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Altus, W. D.: Birth Order and Academic Primogeniture. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 2, 872–876 (1965)
Altus, W. D.: Birth Order and Its Sequelae. Science 151, 44–49 (1966)
Belmont, L., Marolla, F. A.: Birth Order, Family Size and Intelligence. Science 180, 1096–1101 (1973)
Brack, D. C.: Birth Order and the Influence of the Sibling Group. M. A. Thesis — Department of Sociology, Columbia U. 1967
Breland, H. M.: Birth Order Effects: A Reply to Schooler. Psychol. Bull. 80, 210–212 (1973)
Chen, E., Cobb, S.: Family Structure in Relation to Health and Disease. J. Chronic Dis. 12, 544–567 (1960)
Cobb, S., French, J. R. P.: Birth Order Among Medical Students. J. A. M. A. 195, 172–173 (1966)
McArthur, C.: Personalities of First and Second Children. Psychiatry 19, 47–54 (1956)
Palmer, R. D.: Birth Order and Identification. J. Consult. Psychol. 30, 129–135 (1966)
Schachter, S.: The Psychology of Affiliation. Stanford: Stanford University Press 1959
Schachter, S.: Birth Order, Eminence and Higher Education. Am. Social Rev. 28, 757–768 (1965)
Schooler, C.: Birth Order Effects: A Reply to Breland. Psychol. Bull. 80, 213–214 (1973)
Strumpfer, D. J. W.: Failure to Find Relationships Between Family Constellation and Achievement Motivation. J. Psychol. 85, 29–36 (1973)
Yando, R., Zigler, E., Litzinger, S.: A Further Investigation of the Effects of Birth Order and Number of Siblings in Determining Children's Responsiveness to Social Reinforcement. J. Psychol. 89, 95–111 (1975)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Layman, W.A., Saueracker, A. Birth order and sibship size of medical school applicants. Soc Psychiatry 13, 117–123 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00583869
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00583869