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Experimentelle untersuchungen zur determination und differenzierung der hypophyse bei anuren (Pelobates fuscus, Rana esculenta)

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Zusammenfassung

  1. 1.

    Die Normalentwicklung der Hypophyse verschiedener Arten von Anuren wurde untersucht und am Beispiel vonPelopates fuscus dargestellt.

  2. 2.

    Differenzierungs- und Funktionspotenz verschieden alter Hypophysenanlagen vonPelopates fuscus undRana esculenta wurden im Transplantatversuch geprüft:

  1. a)

    Die ektodermale Hypophysenanlage von ihrer frühesten Anlegung in der Neurula (St. 9, präsumptiver Bereich) bis zu dem Zeitpunkt, in welchem sie die Chiasmaanlage unterlagert (St. 11), differenzierte im Transplantat epidermale Bildungen (Epidermiszysten, Verhornungen u.a.; pluripotente Anlage). — Transplantate der Hypophysenanlage aus St. 12–15 bildeten vorwiegend undifferenziertes Hypophysengewebe mit Sekretzysten und vereinzelt (in St. 14 und 15 beiP. fuscus) schwach vorderlappentypische Differenzierungen. — Gute Hypophysenbildungen mit Vorder- und Zwischenlappenanteil und azidophilen und vereinzelt cyanophilen Zellen wurden erst in Hypophysentransplantaten von St. 17 an (R. esculenta) nachgewiesen.

  2. b)

    Eine erste schwache melanophorenstimulierende Wirkung in Form einer lokalen Dunkelfärung der Haut um den Transplantatort wurde in transplantierten Hypophysenanlagen vonP. fuscus aus St. 12 und 13, vonR. esculenta aus St. 15 nachgewiesen (MSH-Stufe). — Eine schwache Wachstumswirkung zeigten transplantierte Hypophysenanlagen vonP. fuscus aus St. 14 und 15 (STH-Stufe). — Eine schwache Metamorphosewirkung konnte in transplantierten Hypophysenanlagen vonP. fuscus von St. 18 an und von R. esculenta von St. 17 an nachgewiesen, bei letzterer aber schon für St. 16 wahrscheinlich gemacht werden (TSH-Stufe).

  3. c)

    Der steigende bedeutungsgemä\e Differenzierungsgrad der Transplantate wie die zunehmende Stärke der drei nachgewiesenen Funktionen (MSH, STH, TSH) mit fortschreitendem Alter des Spendertieres lä\t einen progressiven und quantitativen Charakter der Induktion erkennen.

  4. 3.

    Es wird eine einheitliche Deutung der bisher bekannten Versuchsergebnisse zur Frühentwicklung der Amphibien-Hypophyse gegeben. Die Induktionsprozesse, die im Zusammenhang mit der Bildung der Hypophyse stehen, werden erörtert.

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    F. -W. Pehlemann

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Herrn Prof. Dr.Hermann Giersberg zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.

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Pehlemann, F.W. Experimentelle untersuchungen zur determination und differenzierung der hypophyse bei anuren (Pelobates fuscus, Rana esculenta). W. Roux' Archiv f. Entwicklungsmechanik 153, 551–602 (1962). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00575426

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