Summary
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1.
The development of the embryonic lethal mutantS9 was studied by means of serial sections and by observations on living embryos.
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2.
Lethality does not occur in the embryonic stage in all cases; a variable proportion of individuals of the lethal genotype dies in the pupal or larval stages.
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3.
The primary abnormality in the affected embryos is a disturbance of the distribution of the cleavage nuclei, which causes the blastoderm to be fragile at its anterior end, and consequently to lead to deformations in the later development of this region.
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4.
In the later stages of development, morphogenetic movements and cellular differentiation are disturbed in ways which differ greatly in individual cases, so that a wide variety of abnormalities is found in late embryos.
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Abbreviations
- BL :
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blastoderm
- BR :
-
brain
- CLN :
-
cleavage nuclei
- GC :
-
gut cells
- HG :
-
hind-gut
- HY :
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hypodermis
- IBL :
-
irregular blastoderm
- MG :
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mid-gut
- MUS :
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muscles
- MUSC :
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muscle cells
- NT :
-
nervous tissue
- OFG :
-
opening of fore-gut
- PE :
-
periplasm
- PHN :
-
pharyngeal muscles
- EM :
-
pharyngeal material
- VN8 :
-
ventral nervous system
- Y :
-
yolk
- YN :
-
yolk nuclei
References
Counce, S. J.: Studies on female sterility genes inDrosophila melanogaster. I. The effects of the genedeep-orange on embryonic development. Z.Vererbungslehre87, 443 (1956).
Ede, D. A.: Studies on the effects of some genetic lethalfactors on the embryonic development ofDrosophila melanogaster. I. A preliminary survey of some sexlinked lethal stocks, and an analysis of the mutantLff 11. Arch. Entw.mechan.148, 416 (1956a).
—: Studies on the effects of some genetic lethal factors on the embryonic development ofDrosophila melanogaster. II. An analysis of the mutantX2. Arch. Entw.mechan.148, 437 (1956b).
- Studies on the effects of some genetic lethal factors on the embryonic development ofDrosophila melanogaster. III. An analysis of the mutantX27. (In press, a.)
- Studies on the effects of some genetic lethal factors on the embryonic development ofDrosophila melanogaster. IV. An analysis of the mutantX20. (In press, b.)
- Studies on the effects of some genetic lethal factors on the embryonic development ofDrosophila melanogaster. V. An analysis of the mutantX10. (In press, c.)
Ede, D. A., andS. J. Counce: A cinematographic study of the embryonic development ofDrosophila melanogaster. Arch. Entw.mechan.148, 402 (1956).
Poulson, D. F.: The effects of certain X-chromosome deficiencies on the embryonic development ofDrosophila melanogaster. J. of Exper. Zool.83, 271 (1940).
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Ede, D.A. Studies on the effects of some genetic lethal factors on the embryonic development ofDrosophila melanogaster . W. Roux' Archiv f. Entwicklungsmechanik 149, 259–266 (1956). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00573353
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00573353