Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mitotic activity in the lens rudiment of the chicken embryo before and after the onset of crystallin synthesis

II. Immunofluorescence studies

  • Published:
Wilhelm Roux' Archiv für Entwicklungsmechanik der Organismen Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

  1. 1.

    The fluorescent antibody method was used to study the first appearance of delta-crystallin in the lens rudiment of the chicken embryo, in relation to the cell cycle. At the beginning of lens invagination a few cells, with their nuclei in a basal position, displayed fluorescence. The percentage of cells with a positive reaction increased steadily, but it was not until invagination was well underway, about 3 hours after its start, that fluorescence was seen in dividing cells. It was concluded that in this system cell replication and synthesis of specific protein are not mutually exclusive.

  2. 2.

    Because the number of hours passing by before the appearance of fluorescent mitoses was about equal to the previously calculated duration of the G-2 phase of the cell cycle it follows that crystallin production becomes detectable in the late S- or early G-2 phase. Observations on the cellular shape, which is a function of cell cycle phase, at the time that cells first reacted with the fluorescent antibodies agree with this interpretation.

  3. 3.

    The suggestion is made that the inductive influence of the optic cup on the lens primordium may primarily be exerted during the DNA synthetic phase of the presumptive lens cells.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bischoff, R., Holtzer, H.: Mitosis and the processes of differentiation of myogenic cells in vitro. J. Cell Biol.41, 188–200 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D., Cahn, M. B.: Heritability of cellular differentiation: clonal growth and expression of differentiation in retinal pigment cells in vitro. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.)55, 106–114 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, R. D., Lasher, R.: Simultaneous synthesis of DNA and specialized cellular products by differentiating cartilage cells in vitro. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.)58, 1131–1138 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cobb, J. L. S., Bennett, T.: An ultrastruetural study of mitotic division in differentiated gastric smooth muscle cells. Z. Zellforsch.108, 177–189 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Coleman, J. R., Coleman, A. W.: Muscle differentiation and macromolecular synthesis. J. cell. Physiol.72, Suppl. 1, 19–34 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Denffer, H. von: Autoradiographische und histochemische Untersuchungen über das Teilungsvermögen von B-zellen der Langerhansschen Inseln im Pankreas fetaler und neugeborener Mäuse. Histochemie21, 338–352 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ebert, J. D., Kaighn, M. E.: The keys to change: factors regulating differentiation. In: “Major problems in developmental biology” (M. Locke, ed.). pp. 29–84. New York: Academic Press 1966

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamburger, V., Hamilton, H. L.: A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. J. Morph.88, 49–92 (1951)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hendrix, R. W., Zwaan, J.: Cell shape regulation and cell cycle in embryonic lens cells. Nature (Lond.).247, 145–147 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ikeda, A., Zwaan, J.: The changing cellular localization of alpha-crystallin in the lens of the chicken embryo, studied by immunofluorescence. Develop. Biol.15, 348–367 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobsen, M.: Development of neuronal specificity in retinal ganglion cells of Xenopus. Develop. Biol.17, 202–228 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Katoh, A., Yoshida, K.: Delta-crystallin synthesis during chick lens differentiation. Exp. Eye Res.15, 353–360 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Königsberg, I. R.: Diffusion-mediated control of myoblast fusion. Develop. Biol.26, 133–152 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Like, A. A., Chick, W. L.: Mitotic division in pancreatic beta cells. Science163, 941–943 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Manasek, F. J.: Mitosis in developing cardiac muscle. J. Cell Biol.37, 191–196 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Manner, G.: Cell division and collagen synthesis in cultured fibroblasts. Exp. Cell Res.65, 49–60 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, A., Langman, J.: The development of the spinal cord examined by autoradiography. J. Embryol. exp. Morph.14, 25–35 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mastro, A., Hymer, W. C., Therrien, C. D.: DNA synthesis in adult rat anterior pituitary glands in organ culture. Exp. Cell Res.54, 407–414 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • McDevitt, D. S., Meza, I., Yamada, T.: Immunofluorescence localization of the crystallins in amphibian lens development, with special reference to the gamma-crystallins. Develop. Biol.19, 581–607 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Modak, S. P., Morris, G., Yamada, T.: DNA synthesis and mitotic activity during early development of chick lens. Develop. Biol.17, 544–561 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Moss, F. P., Leblond, C. P.: Nature of dividing nuclei in skeletal muscle of growing rats. J. Cell Biol.44, 459–462 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Okazaki, K., Holtzer, H.: An analysis of myogenesis in vitro using fluorescein-labeled antimyosin. J. Histochem. Cytochem.13, 726–739 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  • O'Rahilly, R., Meyer, D. B.: The early development of the eye in the chick, Gallus domesticus (stages 8 to 25). Acta anat. (Basel)36, 20–58 (1959)

    Google Scholar 

  • Papaconstantinou, J.: Molecular aspects of lens cell differentiation. Science156, 338–346 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearce, T. L., Zwaan, J.: A light and electron microscopic study of cell behavior and microtubules in the embryonic chicken lens using Colcemid. J. Embryol. exp. Morph.23, 491–507 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfeiffer, S. E., Herschman, H. P., Lightbody, J., Sato, G.: Synthesis by a clonal line of rat glial cells of a protein unique to the nervous system. J. cell. Physiol.75, 329–339 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pilgrim, Ch.: DNA synthesis and differentiation in developing white adipose tissue. Develop. Biol.26, 69–76 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Priest, R. E., Davies, L. M.: Cellular proliferation and synthesis of collagen. Lab. Invest.21, 138–142 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Redman, R. S., Sreebny, L. M.: Proliferative behavior of differentiating cells in the developing rat parotid gland. J. Cell Biol.46, 81–87 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rumyantsev, P. P.: A morphological and autoradiographical study of the peculiarities of differentiation rate, DNA synthesis and nuclear division in the embryonal and postnatal histogenesis of cardiac muscles of white rats. Folia histochem. cytochem.1, 463–471 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutter, W. J., Kemp, J. D., Bradshaw, W. S., Clark, W. R., Ronzio, R. A., Sanders, T. G.: Regulation of specific protein synthesis in cytodifferentiation. J. cell. Physiol.72, Suppl. 1, 1–18 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sechrist, J. W.: Neurocytogenesis. I. Neurofibrils, neurofilaments, and the terminal mitotic cycle. Amer. J. Anat.124, 117–134 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheppard, J. R., Levine, A. J., Burger, M. M.: Cell-surface changes after infection with oncogenic viruses: requirement for synthesis of host DNA. Science172, 1345–1346 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, C. W., Marshall, J. D., Warren, W. C.: Use of contrasting fluorescent dye as counterstain in fixed tissue preparations. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.)102, 179–181 (1959)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stockdale, F. E., Topper, Y. J.: The role of DNA synthesis and mitosis in hormone-dependent differentiation. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.)56, 1283–1289 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  • Takata, C., Albright, J. F., Yamada, T.: Gamma-crystalling in Wolffian lens regeneration demonstrated by immunofluorescence. Develop. Biol.14, 382–400 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  • Weinstein, R. B., Hay, E. D.: Deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and mitosis in differentiated cardiac muscle cells of chick embryos. J. Cell Biol.47, 310–316 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wessels, N. K.: DNA synthesis, mitosis, and differentiation in pancreatic acinar cells in vitro. J. Cell. Biol.20, 415–433 (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamada, T.: Control of tissue specificity: the pattern of cellular synthetic activities in tissue transformation. Amer. Zool.6, 21–31 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwaan, J.: Lens-specific antigens and cytodifferentiation in the developing lens. J. cell. Physiol.72, Suppl. 1, 47–72 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwaan, J., Pearce, T. L.: Cell population kinetics in the chicken lens primordium during and shortly after its contact with the optic cup. Develop. Biol.25, 96–118 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwaan, J., Bryan, P. R., Pearce, T. L.: Interkinetic nuclear migration during the early stages of lens formation in the chicken embryo. J. Embryol. exp. Morph.21, 71–83 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwaan, J., Hendrix, R. W.: Changes in cell and organ shape during early development of the ocular lens. Amer Zool.13, 1039–1049 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwaan, J., Ikeda, A.: Macromolecular events during differentiation of the chicken lens. Exp. Eye Res.7, 301–311 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwaan, J., Pearce, T. L.: Mitotic activity in the lens rudiment of the chicken embryo before and after the onset of crystallin synthesis. I. Results of treatment with Colmecid. Wilhelm Roux' Archiv164, 313–320 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology and Mental Retardation and Human Development Research Center, Children's Hospital Medical Center, USA

    Johan Zwaan

  2. Department of Anatomy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Johan Zwaan

Authors
  1. Johan Zwaan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Supported by Grant No. EY-01002 (National Eye Institute) from the U.S. Public Health Service and by a Grant-in-Aid No. G-468 from Fight for Sight, Inc., New York City.

Recipient of a Research Career Development Award No. EY-46,406 (National Eye Institute) from the U.S. Public Health Service.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zwaan, J. Mitotic activity in the lens rudiment of the chicken embryo before and after the onset of crystallin synthesis. W. Roux' Archiv f. Entwicklungsmechanik 175, 13–25 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00573221

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00573221

Keywords

Search

Navigation