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Immunologic phenomena in herpes gestationis

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Summary

Immunofluorescence findings are of diagnostic significance in herpes gestationis. The studies in two cases demonstrated some complement components (chiefly C3 and C4, but no C1q), without immunoglobulins at the basement membrane zone and with no circulating anti BMZ antibodies. In one case IgG were found at the BM zone in one biopsy specimen, but were not demonstrable in several other biopsies.

The IF findings seem to indicate both the alternate and classical pathways of complement activation, and speak in favor of a relation between herpes gestationis and bullous pemphigoid, in which sometimes the immunoglobulins are also not demonstrable and the immunofluorescent pattern is very much like that of herpes gestationis.

Zusammenfassung

Immunofluorescenz-Beobachtungen sind diagnostisch bedeutsam bei Herpes gestationis. Untersuchungen bei zwei Patienten zeigten, daß Complement-Komponente (im wesentlichen C3 und C4, nicht aber C1q) bei fehlenden Immunglobulinen an der Basalmembranzone (BMZ) nachweisbar waren. Circulierende Anti-BMZ-Antikörper fehlten. In einer Biopsie war IgG an der Basalmembranzone sichtbar, weitere Gewebsentnahmen waren jedoch negativ.

Die Ergebnisse der Immunfluorescenz lassen den alternierenden und den klassischen Weg der Complementaktivierung vermuten. Sie weisen auf eine Beziehung zwischen Herpes gestationis und bullösem Pemphigoid hin. Auch bei der letzteren Erkrankung sind Immunglobuline gelegentlich nicht nachweisbar, und das Immunfluorescenzbild wird dem des Herpes gestationis ähnlich.

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References

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Jablonska, S., Chorzelski, T.P., Beutner, E.H. et al. Immunologic phenomena in herpes gestationis. Arch. Derm. Res. 252, 267–274 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00560366

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