Abstract
Several 316 manual metal arc weld metals produced with commercial and experimental consumables were aged between 600 and 850 °C. This resulted in the dissolution of the δ-ferrite with the appearance of new austenite, M23C6, intermetallics σ, χ and η phase. During transformation, the δ-ferrite becomes progressively enriched in Cr, Mo and Si and, depending on the local composition of the δ-ferrite, eventually transforms to intermetallic σ or χ phases. A transformation model has been developed which indicates that solute diffusion via the δ/γ interface is the controlling mechanism. This enrichment process has been found to be important in controlling the formation of intermetallics. In the weld metals containing controlled residual additions of Ti and Ti + B, ageing resulted in the a fine dispersion of MX phase in the austenitic matrix.
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Smith, J.J., Farrar, R.A. Effect of composition on the transformation behaviour of duplex 316 weld metal. J Mater Sci 26, 5025–5036 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00549887
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00549887