Abstract
Accumulation of Cu and Cd by Vallisneria spiralis was studied under laboratory conditions. Plants showed ability to reduce 5 µg ml−1 Cu background concentration to below 0.05 µg ml−1 (m.p.l., WHO 1985) within 48 h. The Cd concentration of 1.0 µg ml−1 was reduced to below m.p.l. (0.005 µg ml−1) in 168 h. Cysteine synthesis was more under Cd stress condition. Both the metals were toxic to the plants at higher concentrations; more in the case of Cd.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arnon, D.I.: 1949, ‘Copper Enzymes in Isolated Chloroplast. Polyphenol Oxidase in Beta vulgaris’, Plant Physiol. 24, 1–15.
Crowder, A.: 1991, ‘Acidification, Metals and Macrophytes’, Environ. Pollut. 71, 171–203.
Flemming, C.A. and Trevors, J.T.: 1989, ‘Copper Toxicity and Chemistry in the Environment. A Review’, Wat. Air Soil Pollut. 44, 143–158.
Gaitonde, M.K.: 1967, ‘A Spectrophotometric Method for the Direct Determination of Cysteine Naturally Occurring Amino Acids’, Biochem. J. 104, 627–633.
Gentner, S.R.: 1977, ‘Uptake and Transport of Iron and Phosphate by Vallisneria spiralis L.’, Aq. Bot. 3, 267–272.
Guilizzoni, P.: 1991, ‘The Role of Heavy Metals and Toxic Materials in the Physiological Ecology of Submerged Macrophytes’, Aq. Bot. 41, 87–109.
Gupta, M., Devi, S. and Singh, J.: 1992, ‘Effect of Long-term Low Dose Exposure to Cadmium During the Entire Life Cycle of Ceratopteris thalictroides, A Water Fern’, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 23, 184–187.
Jana, S. and Choudhuri, M.A.: 1982, ‘Senescence in Submerged Angiosperms: Effects of Heavy Metals’, New Phytol. 90, 447–484.
Lowry, O.H., Rosebrought, N.J., Farr, A.L. and Randall, R.J.: 1951, ‘Protein Measurement With Folin-Phenol Reagent’, J. Biol. Chem. 193, 265–275.
Mayes, R.A. and McIntosh, A.W.: 1977, ‘Uptake of Cadmium and Lead by A Rooted Aquatic Macrophyte (Elodea canadensis)’, Ecology 58, 1176–1180.
Nasu, Y., Kugimoto, M., Tanaka, O. and Takimoto, A.: 1984, ‘Lemna as an Indicator of Water Pollution and the Absorption of Heavy Metals by Lemna’, in: Pascoe, D. and Edwards, R.W. (eds.), Fresh Water Biological Monitoring, Conference Proceedings, Pergamon Press, Oxford, U.K., pp. 113–120.
Nicholas, D.S. and Kenny, D.R.: 1976, ‘Nitrogen Nutrition of Myriophyllum spicatum; Uptake and Translocation of 15N by Shoots and Roots’, Freshwater Biol. 6, 145–154.
Nor, Y.M.: 1990, ‘The Absorption of Metal Ions by Eichhornia crassipes’, Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability 2, 85–91.
Nussbaum, S., Schmitz, D. and Brunold, C.: 1988, ‘Regulation of Assimilatory Sulfate Reduction by Cadmium in Zea mays L.’, Plant Physiol. 88, 1407–1410.
Rauser, W.E.: 1990, ‘Phytochelatins’, Ann. Rev. Biochem. 59, 61–86.
Schefler, W.C.: 1969 ‘Statistics for the Biological Sciences’, in: Hopkins, J.W. (ed.), Addison-Wesley, Phillipines, pp. 104–126.
Sinha, S. and Chandra, P.: 1990 ‘Removal of Cu and Cd From Water by Bacopa monnieri L.’, Wat. Air Soil Pollut. 5, 271–276.
Van Assche, F. and Clijster, H.: 1990 ‘Effects of Metals on Enzyme Activity in Plants’, Plant Cell Environ 13, 195–206.
Welsh, R.H. and Denny, P.: 1979, ‘Translocation of Lead and Copper in Two Submerged Aquatic Angiosperm Species’, J. Exp. Bot. 30, 339–345.
WHO: 1985, Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, Vol. 3, Geneva.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
NBRI Rsearch Publication No. 417 (N.S.).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sinha, S., Gupta, M. & Chandra, P. Bioccumulation and toxicity of Cu and Cd in Vallisneria spiralis (L.). Environ Monit Assess 33, 75–84 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00546664
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00546664