Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mixed germ cell tumours (gonadoblastomas) in normal and dysgenetic gonads

Gemischte Keimzellgeschwülste der Gonaden

Case reports and review

  • Published:
Virchows Archiv A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Gonadoblastome sind primäre Keimzellgeschwülste, welche eine reaktive Wucherung der Sertolizellen oder Granulosazellen ausgelöst haben. Dies kommt im normalen Hoden nur ganz ausnahmsweise vor (2 Fälle). Etwas weniger selten ist diese Reaktion in normalen Ovarien (8 Fälle), wo die Reaktion in schon bestehenden Stromawucherungen beobachtet wird. Die Reaktion variiert in Form und Grad. Sie kann verbunden sein mit Oestrogensekretion und schließlich einen geschwulstartigen Charakter annehmen. Sie kommt besonders häufig und in charakteristischer Form in dysgenetischen Keimdrüsen vor (50 Fälle), wo sie entweder von den Samenkanälchen oder von wenig ausdifferenzierten Keimzellen und Granulosazellnestern, und zwar unmittelbar angrenzend an das Keimgewebe ihren Ausgang nimmt. In dieser letzten Form verhält sich das Gonadoblastom wie eine in bezug auf den Geschlechtscharakter nicht voll ausdifferenzierte Geschlechtszelle, doch vorwiegend in Richtung männliches Geschlecht mit hormonalfunktionellen Auswirkungen in der Pubertät. Letztere scheinen vom Hypophysenvorderlappen-Gonadotropin abhängig zu sein, wie auch der Übergang in eine Neubildung.

Summary

There are described (1) a seedling gonadoblastoma (gonocytoma III) in a girl of 19 with primary amenorrhoea, an XO/XY karyotype and dysgenetic ovaries: there were no testicular rudiments and the tumour made no connection with any other structure; (2) a large gonadoblastoma (gonocytoma II) in a chromatin positive girl of 16 with puberty menorrhagia, showing diverse interrelated patterns including dysgerminoma, fibroma, granulosal cell tumour and embryonal carcinoma; and (3) a seminoma in a normal man of 23 with 4 small foci of intratubular gonadoblastoma at the tumour margin.

A survey of the literature, classification and main features of the tumour suggest that: (1) 50 cases are classifiable as gonocytoma III and 10 as gonocytoma II; (2) tumours arising in normal ovaries are histologically diverse whilst the rest resemble one another; (3) the tumour arises as a primary germ cell neoplasm in either testicular or ovarian tissue, evoking an enveloping Sertoli cell response in the former and a stromal response with subsequent granulosal metaplasia in the latter; (4) it can probably arise from dysgenetic structures lying at the periphery of malformed testis and the centre of malformed ovary; and (5) pituitary gonadotrophin promotes both its development and endocrine effects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abell, M. R., Johnson, V. J., Holtz, F.: Ovarian neoplasms in childhood and adolescence. I. Tumors of germ cell origin. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 92, 1059–1081 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Aschner, B.: Über einem eigenartigen Ovarialtumor aus der Gruppe der Follikulome. Neben auffallenden Menstruationsstörungen und einen bisher noch nicht beschriebenen anatomischen Befund in Form einer gänseeigroßen, massiven corpus-luteum-ähnlichen Bildung. Arch. Gynäk. 115, 350–382 (1922).

    Google Scholar 

  • Babes, A.: Über die von Robert Meyer als „eine besondere Form von Carcinom bei Zwittern und scheinbar nicht zwittrigen Menschen beiderlei Geschlechts“ beschriebenen Tumoren. Arch. Gynäk. 135, 545–555 (1929).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bacsich, P.: Multinuclear ova and multiovular follicles in the young human ovary. J. Anat. (Lond.) 80, 243–244 (1946).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bagg, H. J.: Experimental production of teratoma testis in the fowl. Amer. J. Cancer 26, 69–84 (1936).

    Google Scholar 

  • Baron, J., Rucki, R., Simm, S.: Familial gonadal malformations. Gynaecologia (Basel) 153, 298–308 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Benthin, W.: Über Follikelatresie in kindlichen Ovarien. Arch. Gynäk. 91, 498–529 (1910).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ber, A.: A case of dysgerminoma ovarii tested hormonally. Acta med. scand. 133, 411–426 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergstrand, H.: Über die Natur der virilisierenden Ovarialtumoren. I. Acta obstet. gynec. scand. 13, 336–366 (1934).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieger, R. C., Passarge, E., McAdams, A. J.: Testicular intratubular bodies. J. clin. Endocr. 25, 1340–1364 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Block, E.: Quantitative morphological investigations of the follicular system in women. Variations at different ages. Acta anat. (Basel) 14, 108–123 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  • Borghi, A., Montali, E., Bigozzi, U., Giusti, G.: XO/XY mosaicism in a phenotypic female with a gonadoblastoma. Attempt at classification of the clinical picture of the XO/XY mosaics. Helv. paediat. Acta 20, 185–192 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— Toccafondi, R., Zurli, A., Giusti, D.: Disgerminoma Ovarico con puberta precoce isosessuale e successiva virilizzazione. (Gonadoblastoma secondo Scully.) Folia endocr. (Roma) 15, 855–860 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradbury, J. T., Bunge, R. G.: Gonadal dysgenesis: Case report of a 6-year-old boy with a fallopian tube and undifferentiated gonad. J. clin. Endocr. 18, 1006–1014 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  • Brauer, E.: Eigenartige Keimdrüsengewächse bei einem Intersex; gleichzeitig ein Beitrag zur allgemeinen Pathologie des Zwittertums. Frankfurt. Z. Path. 45, 224–237 (1933).

    Google Scholar 

  • Burge, E. S.: Dysgerminoma ovarii. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 57, 1014 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  • Caffrey, R. J., Casey, C. H.: Intersex and abnormalities of autosomes and blood-group inheritance in a kindred. J. Amer. med. Ass. 202, 839–841 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, M. M., Shaw, M. W.: Two XY siblings with gonadal dysgenesis and a female phenotype. New Engl. J. Med. 272, 1083–1088 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, D. C., Kent, H. A.: Polynuclear ova and polyovular follicles in the ovaries of young Guinea-pigs. Anat. Rec. 148, 115–119 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, D. H., Symington, T.: Sertoli-cell tumour. Brit. J. Urol. 36, Suppl. p. 52–61 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, J. D., Schoenenberger, A. P.: An unusual germinal tumor of the testis in a nine year old boy: a variant of seminoma. J. Urol. (Baltimore) 87, 710–741 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooperman, L. R., Hamlin, J., Elmer, N. G.: Gonadoblastoma. A rare ovarian tumor related to the dysgerminoma with characteristic roentgen appearance. Radiology 90, 322–324 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fathalla, M. F., Rachad, M. N., Kerr, M. G.: The relationship between ovarian tumours and intersex states with special reference to the dysgerminoma and arrhenoblastoma. J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Cwlth 73, 812–820 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fauvet, E.: Zur Klinik der Dysgerminoma. Zbl. Gynäk. 60, 675–686 (1936).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fine, G., Mellinger, R. C., Canton, J. N.: Gonadoblastoma occurring in a patient with familial gonadal dysgenesis. Amer. J. clin. Path. 38, 615–629 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Flor, F. S., Schadt, D. C., Benz, E. J.: Gonadal dysgenesis with male chromatin pattern: Testicular feminisation syndrome. Clinical and pathological findings in two cases in siblings. J. Amer. med. Ass. 181, 375–379 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Föderl, V.: Pathologie und Klinik des Dysgerminoma ovarii. Arch. Gynäk. 165, 392–488 (1938).

    Google Scholar 

  • Forster, F.: Dysgerminoma of the ovary. Aust. N. Z. J. Surg. 23, 31–40 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frasier, S. D., Bashore, R. A., Mosier, H. D.: Gonadoblastoma associated with pure gonadal dysgenesis in monozygous twins. J. Pediat. 64, 740–745 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Giusti, G., Borghi, A., Bigozzi, U., Negri, L., Toccafondi, R.: Ovarian dysgerminoma with precocious isosexual puberty followed by virilisation. Report of a clinical, histologic and hormonal study. Obstet. Gynec. 20, 755–760 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gough, A.: A case of dysgerminoma of the ovary, associated with masculinity. J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Emp. 45, 799–801 (1938).

    Google Scholar 

  • Griffith, K., Grant, J. K., Browning, M. C. K., Whyte, W. G., Sharp, J. L.: Steroid synthesis in vitro by tumour tissue from a dysgenetic gonad. J. Endocr. 34, 155–162 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Guinet, P., Plutelat, R., Laurent, C., Touraine, A., Nivelon, A., Eyraud, M. T.: Une observation de dysgénésie gonadique avec gonocytome Caryotype XY. Ann. Endocr. (Paris) 28, 375–380 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hain, A. M.: An unusual case of precocious puberty associated with ovarian dysgerminoma. J. clin. Endocr. 9, 1349–1358 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamburger, C.: Gonadotrophins, androgens and oestrogens in cases of malignant tumours of the testis. Ciba Found. Coll. Endocr. 12, 200–207 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hervé, R., Leveille, H., Ancla, M., Brux, J. de, Grouchy, J. de: Observation de gonadoblastome. Gynéc. Obstét. 66, 429–440 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hienz, H. A.: Untersuchungen zur zellkernmorphologischen Geschlechtskennung von Disgerminomen. Geburts. Frauenheilk. 21, 144–149 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hörmann, G., Stange, H.-H., Berié, B.: Zur Morphogenese dysontogenetischer Ovarialtumoren. Z. Geburts. Gynäk. 157, 172–189 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hughesdon, P. E.: Structure, origin and histological relations of dysgerminoma. J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Emp. 66, 566–576 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— Ovarian misfit tumours. Endokr. pol. 12, 595–607 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— Ovarian lipoid and theca cell tumors; their origins and interrelations. Obstet. Gynec. Surv. 21, 245–288 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— Ovarian pathology in primary amenorrhoea. Proc. roy. Soc. Med. 63, 294–297 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • -- Fraser, I. T.: Arrhenoblastoma of ovary. Case report and histological review. Acta obstet. gynec. scand. 32, Suppl. 4 (1953).

  • Jackson, R. L.: Ovarian dysgerminoma. Report of 8 cases. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 80, 442–448 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jirásek, J. E.: The relationship between the structure of the testis and differentiation of the external genitalia and phenotype. Ciba Found. Coll. Endocr. 16, 3–27 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnsen, S. G.: A clinical routine-method for the quantitative determination of gonadotrophins in 24-hour urine samples. II. Normal values for men and women at all age groups from pre-puberty to senescence. Acta endocr. (Kbh.) 31, 209–227 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kazancigil, T. R., Laqueur, W., Ladewig, P.: Papillo-endothelioma ovarii. Report of three cases and a discussion of Schiller's “Mesonephroma ovarii”. Amer. J. Cancer 40, 199–212 (1940).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kent, H. A.: Reduction of polyovular follicles and polynucleate ova by estradiol monobenzoate. Anat. Rec. 134, 455–461 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohn, A.: Der Bauplan der Keimdrüsen. Arch. Entwickl.-Mech. Org. 47, 95–118 (1921).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kowalczykowa, J., Teter, J., Mikulowski, P.: Precocious puberty due to an ovarian tumor composed of germ cells and Sertoli-granulosal cells (gonocytoma II). Acta med. pol. 3, 159–170 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindvall, S., Wahlgren, F.: Beitrag zur Diskussion über die Genese der sexuellen Zwischenstufen beim Menschen. Acta path. microbiol. scand. 17, 60–99 (1940).

    Google Scholar 

  • Masson, M. P.: Rssai sur les tumeurs non tératoides de l'ovaire. Gynéc. Obstét. 6, 81–105 (1922).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathet, P.: Les tumeurs masculinisantes de l'ovaire. Thèse, Paris, No. 452 (1954).

  • McDonough, P. G., Greenblatt, R. B., Bird, J. R., Hastings, E. V.: Gonadoblastoma (Conocytoma III). Report of a case. Obstet. Gynec. 29, 54–58 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Melicow, M. M.: Tumors of dysgenetic gonads in intersexes: case reports and discussion regarding their place in general oncology. Bull. N.Y. Acad. Med. 42, 3–20 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— Uson, A. C.: Dysgenetic gonadomas and other gonadal neoplasms in intersexes. Report of 5 cases and review of the literature. Cancer (Philad.) 12, 552–572 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, O. J.: The sex chromosome anomalies. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 90, 1078–1139 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mittwoch, U: Sex Chromosomes, p. 183. London: Acad. Press Inc. 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris, J. McL., Scully, R. E.: Endocrine pathology of the ovary, chap. 8. London: Kimpton 1958.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mostofi, F. K., Theiss, E. A., Ashley, D. J. B.: Tumors of specialised gonadal stroma in human male patients. Androblastoma, sertoli cell tumor, granulosa-theca cell tumor of the testis, and gonadal stromal tumor. Cancer (Philad.) 12, 944–957 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mueller, C. W., Topkins, P., Lapp, W. A.: Dysgerminoma of the ovary. An analysis of 427 cases. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 60, 153–159 (1950).

    Google Scholar 

  • Naidu, P. N., Ramaswamy, S., Rao, K. S.: Gonadoblastoma arising from testicular dysplasia in an intersexual individual. J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Cwlth 72, 437–443 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Netter, A., Musset, R., Pelissier, C., Millet, D., Yaneva, H., Sebaoun, M.: Un nouveau cas de gonadoblastome. Gynéc. Obstét. 66, 385–394 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Neubacker, R. D., Breen, J. L.: Gynandroblastoma. A report of five cases, with a discussion of the histogenesis and classification of ovarian tumors. Amer. J. clin. Path. 38, 60–69 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann, H.-O.: Granulosazellcarcinome. (Ein Beitrag zur Frage der Keimepithelblastome des Ovariums.) Virchows Arch. path. Anat. 258, 284–316 (1925).

    Google Scholar 

  • Overzier, C.: Ein XX/XY-Hermaphrodit mit einem „intratubulären Ei“ und einem Gonadoblastom (Gonocytom III). Klin. Wschr. 42, 1052–1060 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Perrin, E. V., Landing, B. H.: Evidence for a relation between gonadoblastoma and gonadal dysgenesis. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 102, 575 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Peyron, A.: Signification et origine dans les tumeurs de l'ovaire de certaines dispositions rappelent celles de cylindrome. C.R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 86, 1156–1159 (1922).

    Google Scholar 

  • Philip, P., Teter, J.: Significance of chromosomal investigation of somatic cells to determine the genetic origin of gonadoblastoma (Gonocytoma III). Acta path. micr. scand. 61, 543–550 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Philipp, E., Stange, H.-H.: Dysgerminom und Intersexualität. Zbl. Gynäk. 82, 9–17 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Plate, W. P.: Dysgerminoma of the ovary in a patient with virilism. Acta endocr. (Kbh.) 14, 227–234 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  • Potter, E. B.: Dysgerminoma of the ovary. Amer. J. Path. 22, 551–564 (1946).

    Google Scholar 

  • Przybora, L.: Gonadoblastoma. Endokr. pol. 11, 63–76 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Reifferscheid, W.: Über sieben neue Fälle von „Disgerminoma Ovarii“ (R. Meyer) davon einen mit kleinen Einschlüssen von follikuloiden Bildungen. Z. Geburts. Gynäk. 110, 273–290 (1935).

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, A., Priest, R. E., Bigler, P. C.: Male pseudohermaphrodite with XY/XO mosaicism and bilateral gonadoblastomas. Lancet 1964 I, 111–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sailer, W.: Ovarian dysgerminoma. Amer. J. Cancer 38, 473–482 (1940).

    Google Scholar 

  • Santesson, L., Marrubini, G.: Clinical and pathological survey of ovarian embryonal carcinomas, including so-called “mesonephromas” (Schiller), and “mesoblastomas” (Teilum), treated at the radiumhemmet. Acta obstet. gynec. scand. 36, 399–419 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schapiro, G.: Zur Frage des Hermaphroditismus. Virchows Arch. path. Anat. 266, 392–406 (1927).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiller, W.: Disgerminom und Tuberculose. Arch. Gynäk. 156, 513–533 (1934).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schottlaender, J.: Über mehreiige Follikel und mehrkernige Eizellen. Mschr. Geburtsh. Gynäk. 21, 622–648 (1905).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulin, K.: Zur Morphologie des Ovariums. Arch. mikr. Anat. 19, 442–512 (1881).

    Google Scholar 

  • Scully, R. E.: Gonadoblastoma. A gonadal tumor related to the dysgerminoma (seminoma) and capable of sex-hormone production. Cancer (Philad.) 6, 455–463 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— In: Ovarian cancer, p. 51–54, 70 (eds. F. Gentil and A. C. Junqueira). UICC Monograph series, vol. 11. New York: Springer 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siebenmann, R. E.: Pseudohermaphroditismus masculinus mit Gonadoblastom — eine besondere Intersexform. Path. et Microbiol. (Basel) 24, 233–238 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Simm, S., Baron, J., Przybora, L.: Case of intersex form of neoplasm of a gonadoblastom type. [Poln.] Endokr. pol. 10, 413–420 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sirsat, M. V., Vakil, V. V., Motashaw, N. D., Talwalkar, G. V.: Gonadoblastoma of the ovary. Indian J. Path. Bact. 8, 77–81 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sohval, A. R.: Hermaphroditism with “atypical” or “mixed” gonadal dysgenesis. Relationship to gonadal neoplasm. Amer. J. Med. 36, 281–292 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Strumpf, I. J.: Gonadoblastoma in a patient with gonadal dysgenesis. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 92, 992–995 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Symington, T., Wallace, N.: Hormone investigations in cases of testicular tumour. Brit. J. Urol. 36, Suppl. p. 103–106 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Talvalkar, G. V.: Sex chromatin in tumors of the ovary. Indian J. med. Sci. 17, 645–649 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Teilum, G.: Classification of endodermal sinus tumour (mesoblastoma vitellinum) and so-called “embryonal carcinoma” of the ovary. Acta path. micr. scand. 64, 407–429 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Teter, J.: A new concept of classification of gonadal tumours arising from germ cells (gonocytoma) and their histogenesis. Gynaecologia (Basel) 150, 84–102 (1960a).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— An unusual gonadal tumour (gonadoblastoma) in a male pseudohermaphrodite with testicular dysgenesis. J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Emp. 67, 238–242 (1960b).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— A mixed form of feminising germ cell tumor (gonocytoma II). Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 84, 722–730 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— The mixed germ cell tumours with hormonal activity. Acta path. micr. scand. 58, 306–320 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— Boczkowski, K.: Occurrence of tumors in dysgenetic gonads. Cancer (Philad.) 20, 1301–1310 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— Philip, J., Wecewicz, G.: “Mixed” gonadal dysgenesis with gonadoblastoma in situ. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 90, 929–935 (1964a).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— —— —— Potoki, J.: A masculising mixed germ cell tumour (gonocytoma III). Acta endocr. (Kbh.) 46, 1–11 (1964b).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— Tarlowski, R.: Tumors of the gonads in cases of gonadal dysgenesis and male pseudohermaphroditism. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 79, 321–329 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • —— Wecewicz, G., Marzinek, K., Przezdziecki, Z., Groniowski, J.: Tumeur à cellules germinales mixtes, hormonalement active (gonadoblastome). Rev. franç. Endocr. clin. 3, 421–433 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Thoeny, R. H., Dockerty, M. B., Hunt, A. B., Childs, D. S.: A study of ovarian dysgerminoma with emphasis on the role of radiation therapy. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 113, 692–698 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Tietze, K.: Klinisch-anatomische Studien am Ovarialtumor. — Material der Kieler Frauenklinik. Arch. Gynäk. 146, 197–231 (1931).

    Google Scholar 

  • Twombly, G. H., Meisel, D., Stout, A. P.: Leydig-cell tumors induced experimentally in the rat. Cancer (Philad.) 2, 884–892 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  • Usizima, H.: Ovarian dysgerminoma associated with masculinisation. Report of a case. Cancer (Philad.) 9, 736–739 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zelikson T.: Dysgerminoma ovarii. Ginek. pol. 18, 245–277 (1939). Cit. Teter, J. (1960a).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zemke, E. E., Herrell, W. E.: Bilateral granulosal cell tumors. Successful removal from a child of fourteen weeks of age. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 41, 704–707 (1941).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ziegler, E. E.: Bilateral ovarian carcinoma in a thiry week foetus. Arch. Path. 40, 279–282 (1945).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Morbid Anatomy and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Hospital Medical School, London, UK

    P. E. Hughesdon & T. Kumarasamy

Authors
  1. P. E. Hughesdon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. T. Kumarasamy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hughesdon, P.E., Kumarasamy, T. Mixed germ cell tumours (gonadoblastomas) in normal and dysgenetic gonads. Virchows Arch. Abt. A Path. Anat. 349, 258–280 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00544577

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00544577

Keywords

Search

Navigation