Zusammenfassung
Die Innenflächen von Kaninchenaorten wurden durch mechanische longitudinale Traumen oberflächlich verletzt, um ein hämodynamisches Trauma nachzuahmen. Die Reaktion der Arterienwand auf das Trauma wurde nach verschieden langen Intervallen lichtmikroskopisch untersucht. Eine Reihe von Veränderungen repräsentierte eine Heilungsreaktion der Aortenwand, die zur Wiederherstellung der aortalen Innenauskleidung führte. Die reparativen Vorgänge waren charakterisiert durch Vermehrung und Einwachsen der angrenzenden Endothel- und glatten Muskelzellen sowie durch eine Verdoppelung der Elastica interna. Es resultierte eine subendotheliale Verdickung, die die darunterliegende Region vor der mechanischen Belastung bewahrte. Nach einer ruhigeren Phase von 2 Wochen Dauer nahm die subendotheliale Verdickung wieder ab, nach 8 Wochen war sie kaum noch wahrnehmbar.
Ähnliche Veränderungen an den Arterien junger Menschen, die von anderen Autoren beschrieben wurden, machen es wahrscheinlich, daß es sich bei den mitgeteilten Veränderungen um einen physiologischen Reparationsmechanismus handelt. Es kann angenommen werden, daß die in der Humanpathologie beobachtete progressive Intimaverdickung nach wiederholter oder andauernder hämodynamischer Belastung eine ähnliche Gewebsreaktion darstellt. Die Beziehung zwischen progressiver Intimaverdickung sowie akuter Beschädigung und der Entwicklung der Atherosklerose kann durch Störungen des Reparationsmechanismus erklärt werden.
Summary
To imitate hemodynamic trauma the lumenal surface of the rabbit aorta was injured superficially by longitudinal mechanical trauma. The reaction of the artery wall was studied by light microscopy after different time-intervals. A series of changes that followed represented repair reactions leading to restoration of the wall. These changes were characterized by (i) the reconstitution of injured parts by multiplication and ingrowth of surrounding endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, and (ii) reduplication of the internal elastic membrane and a subendothelial thickening which apparently relieved the underlying injured region from mechanical strain. After a more static phase of two weeks the subendothelial thickening decreased and was barely detectable after 8 weeks.
Similar changes in the arteries of young humans as reported by others, suggest that the changes represent physiological repair. It is postulated that the progressive intimal thickening in man may be due to a similar response to repeated or continuous hemodynamic strain, and that the relation of progressive intimal thickening and acute injury to the development of atherosclerosis may be explained by disturbance of the reparative reaction.
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This work was aided by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (Project No. B 69-19 X-2589-01) and from the Swedish National Association Against Heart and Chest Diseases.
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Björkerud, S. Reaction of the aortic wall of the rabbit after superficial, longitudinal, mechanical trauma. Virchows Arch. Abt. A Path. Anat. 347, 197–210 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00543107
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00543107