Abstract
Studies of the structure-property relationship of polybutene-1 films containing needle crystals (shishes) without any epitaxial overgrowth have been carried out with the help of transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and density and mechanical measurements. The lengths of the needle crystals have been varied by changing the preparation conditions. The mechanical responses of these materials are found to be dependent mainly on the needle length (length to diameter ratios), and can be explained with reference to the fibre-reinforced composite theories for discontinuous fibres. The studies indicate that the properties of the material can be described in terms of a composite of hard needle crystals contained in a soft amorphous matrix in which the polymer molecules build up an interconnecting molecular network structure.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. J. Pennings, Macromol. Chem. Suppl. 2 (1979) 99.
J. Petermann, R. M. Gohil, M. Massud and D. Göritz, J. Mater. Sci. 17 (1982) 100.
J. Smook, J. C. Torf, P. F. von Hutten and A. J. Pennings, Polym. Bull. 2 (1980) 293.
A. Keller and P. J. Barham, Plast. Rubber Int. 6 (1981) 19.
A. Keller and J. A. Odell, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Sym. 63 (1978) 155.
P. J. Barham and A. Keller, J. Polym. Sci., Lett. Ed. 17 (1979) 591.
P. Smith and P. J. Lemstra, Macromol. Chem. 180 (1979) 2983.
R. G. C. Arridge and P. J. Barham, J. Polym. Sci., Phys. Ed. 16 (1978) 1297.
A. G. Gibson, G. R. Davies and I. M. Ward, Polymer 19 (1978) 683.
W. T. Mead, C. R. Desper and R. S. Porter, J. Polym. Sci., Phys. Ed. 17 (1979) 859.
W. Wu, P. G. Simpson and W. B. Black, ibid. 18 (1980) 751.
J. Rau, R. M. Gohil, J. Petermann and J. M. Schultz, Colloid Polym. Sci. 259 (1981) 241.
A. J. Owen, J. Mater. Sci. 16 (1981) 2324.
A. J. Owen and I. M. Ward, ibid. 6 (1971) 485.
M. Takayanagi, Mem. Fac. Eng. Kyushu Univ. 23 (1963) 1.
W. Gray and N. G. McCrum, J. Polym. Sci. A-2 7 (1969) 1329.
T. S. Chow, J. Mater. Sci. 15 (1980) 1873.
F. R. Eirich, Pure Appl. Chem. 46 (1976) 115.
A. Kelly, Metall. Trans. 3 (1972) 2313.
J. Petermann and R. M. Gohil, J. Mater. Sci. 14 (1979) 2260.
R. M. Gohil and J. Petermann, J. Macromol. Sci. Phys. B18 (2) (1980) 217.
J. Petermann, R. M. Gohil, J. M. Schulz, R. W. Hendricks and J. S. Lin, J. Mater. Sci. 16 (1981) 265.
A. Kelly, “Strong Solids” (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1966).
D. Hull, “An Introduction to Composite Materials” (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1981).
I. Sakurada and K. Kaji, J. Polym. Sci., Part C 31 (1970) 57.
J. M. G. Cowie, “Polymers; Chemistry and Physics of Modem Materials” (International Text Book Company Ltd, Bucks, 1973) p. 272.
P. Hancock and R. C. Cuthbertson, J. Mater. Sci. 5 (1970) 762.
J. Petermann and R. M. Gohil, J. Polym. Sci., Lett. Ed. 18 (1980) 781.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gohil, R.M., Petermann, J. Application of discontinuous fibre-reinforced composite theory to polybutene-1 films containing needle crystals. J Mater Sci 18, 1719–1724 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00542067
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00542067