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Influence of some alloying elements on decomposition of a Co-3wt% Ti alloy

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Abstract

The effect of minor alloying additions (La, Fe and Nb) on the decomposition behaviour of a Co-3 wt%Ti alloy is discussed. Optical microscopy coupled with electron microscopy and diffraction have aided in elucidating the microstructural evolution in these alloys. The solid solutions of binary and ternary alloys decomposed on ageing by the spinodal mode. The different stages of coarsening of the precipitates are discussed, as are kinetics and morphological changes during precipitation of binary and ternary alloys. After long ageing times, discontinuous precipitation set in. The discontinuous product is close to equilibrium and is considered to be driven by the difference between coherent and incoherent equilibria in these systems. Coherent precipitation occurred by volume diffusion whereas incoherent precipitation reactions were determined by grain-boundary diffusion. The microstructural evolution has been correlated with the observed variation in hardness and yield strength at different stages of decomposition.

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Abbreviations

T s :

Critical temperature for coherent spinodal decomposition

λ:

Wavelength of modulations

K :

Rate constant

γ:

Interfacial energy

ρ:

Density of alloy

W :

Weight fraction

M :

Atomic weight

V m :

Molar volume of Co3Ti

a :

Lattice parameter of matrix

N :

Avogadro's number

a p :

Lattice parameter of precipiate

Δa :

Mismatch lattice parameter

S :

Size of precipitate for loss of coherency

V v :

Volume fraction of precipitate

t :

Foil thickness

V v′ :

Apparent volume fraction

D :

Measured precipitate size

C e :

Solvus composition

A :

Constant

B :

Constant

A :

Amplitude of modulation

n :

Distortion parameter

Y :

Young's modulus

b :

Burgers vector

β:

Wave vector

σc :

Critical resolved shear stress

Z :

Spacing of misfit dislocations

a ss :

Lattice parameter of solid solution

C :

Concentration in atomic fraction

b 0 :

Constant

b 1 :

Constant

b 2 :

Constant

YS:

Yield strength

D b :

Grain-boundary diffusivity

D v :

Volume diffusivity

p chem :

Chemical driving force

X 0 :

Composition of supersaturated alloy

X e :

Equilibrium concentration

V :

Growth velocity

b :

Interatomic distance

f :

Fraction of driving force

ΔG :

Gibb's free energy

n :

Misfit parameter

F :

Traction force

r 0 :

Radius of lamellar rods

N :

Number of rods per unit area

G :

Growth of discontinuous precipitation (cell)

X m :

Matrix composition ahead of interface

X β :

Composition of second phase (Co3Ti)

Q :

Activation energy

Γ:

Effective thickness of boundary

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Author notes

  1. J. Singh

    Present address: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, 27695-7907, Rayleigh, NC, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. GE Aircraft Engine, 1 Neumann Way, 45215, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    J. Singh

  2. Institute for Materials and Advanced Processes, University of Idaho, 83843-4195, Moscow, ID, USA

    C. Suryanarayana

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  2. C. Suryanarayana
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Singh, J., Suryanarayana, C. Influence of some alloying elements on decomposition of a Co-3wt% Ti alloy. J Mater Sci 27, 4261–4281 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00541552

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