Skip to main content
Log in

Relation of cognitive impairment and depression to quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients

  • Cognitive Dysfunction in MS
  • Published:
The Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The objectives of the present study were to determine the role of cognitive and mood disorders as determinants of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as to evaluate the validity of self-assessed HRQOL in cognitively impaired patients and the agreement between self-assessed and proxy-reported HRQOL. The study included 204 MS inpatients and outpatients seen between April and September 1997 at three participating centers. The MS quality of life 54 (MSQOL-54) was explained to the patients by a neurologist who also assisted them to complete the questionnaire. A proxy version of the MSQOL-54 was completed independently by each patient's designated proxy.

The mean age of the patients was 43 years; the mean expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score was 4.5. Cognitively compromised patients had considerable difficulties in completing the questionnaire, and gave a high percentage of missing and inconsistent items. Depressive symptoms and age had the most important influence on patients' HRQOL. The level of agreement between self-assessed and proxy-reported HRQOL was moderate to substantial for most scales, with proxy informants rating patients as slightly more impaired. Although the patient should be the best informant concerning HRQOL, information from a proxy respondent may be preferable in patients with severe cognitive impairment.

Sommario

Abbiamo stimato il contributo dei disturbi cognitivi e timici nel determinare la qualità di vita associata allo stato di salute (QDVAS) dei pazienti con sclerosi multipla (SM), la validità della QDVAS riportata dai pazienti con deficit cognitivo, e Faccuratezza della stima di QDVAS del paziente effettuata da parte della persona a lui vicina. Erano considerati eleggibili i pazienti con SM ambulatoriali ed ospedalizzati afferiti nel periodo aprile–settembre 1997 presso i tre centri partecipanti. Il neurologo curante illustrava al paziente FMS quality of life 54 (MSQOI -54) e, se necessario, lo assisteva nella compilazione. Una versione proxy dell'MSQOL-54 era completata indipendentemente da parte dalla persona the il paziente considerava a lui più vicina.

I 204 pazienti avevano un' età media di 43 anni ed un punteggio medio di 4.5 all'expanded disability status scale (EDSS). I pazienti cognitivamente compromessi hanno presentato difficoltà nella compilazione del questionario ed hanno fornito un elevato numero di risposte mancanti o incoerenti. I principali determinanti della QDVAS sono risultati la presenza di sintomi depressivi e l' età del paziente. Il grado di accordo try la QDVAS riportata dal paziente e dal proxy era moderato o sostanziale per gran parte delle scale, con una generale tendenza da parte del proxy a sottostimare la QDVAS. Nonostante il paziente sia la fonte più appropriata per la stima della sua QDVAS, l'impiego di informazioni ottenute da un proxy è da preferirsi in presenza di deterioramento mentale.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Rao SM, Leo GJ, Bernardin L et al (1991) Cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. I. Frequency, patterns, and predictions. Neurology 41:685–691

    Google Scholar 

  2. Beatty WW (1993) Cognitive and emotional disturbances in multiple sclerosis. Neurol Clin 11:189–204

    Google Scholar 

  3. Beatty WW, Paul RH, Wilbanks SL et al (1995) Identifying multiple sclerosis patients with mild or global cognitive impairment using the screening examination for cognitive impairment (SEFCI). Neurology 45:718–723

    Google Scholar 

  4. Kurtzke JF (1983) Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: An expanded disability status scale. Neurology 33:1444–1452

    Google Scholar 

  5. Sadovnik AD, Remick RA, Allen J et al (1996) Depression and multiple sclerosis. Neurology 46:628–632

    Google Scholar 

  6. Joffe RT, Lippert GP, Gray TA (1987) Depressions and multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol 44:376–378

    Google Scholar 

  7. Minden S, Orav J, Reich P (1987) Depression in multiple sclerosis. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 9:426–434

    Google Scholar 

  8. Rothwell PM, McDowell Z, Wong CK, Dorman PJ (1997) Doctors and patients don't agree: Cross sectional study of patients and doctors perceptions and assessments of disability in multiple sclerosis. BMJ 314:1580–1583

    Google Scholar 

  9. Vickrey BG, Hays RD, Harooni R et al (1995) A health-related quality of life measure for multiple sclerosis. Qual Life Res 4:187–206

    Google Scholar 

  10. Brunet DG, Hopman WM, Singer MA et al (1996) Measurement of health-related quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients. Can J Neurol Sci 23:99–103

    Google Scholar 

  11. Lankhost GJ, Jelles F, Smits RC et al (1996) Quality of life in multiple sclerosis: The disability and impact profile. J Neurol 243:469–474

    Google Scholar 

  12. Cella DF, Dineen MA, Arnason B et al (1996) Validation of the functional assessment of multiple sclerosis quality of life instrument. Neurology 47:129–139

    Google Scholar 

  13. Aaronson KJ (1997) Quality of life among persons with multiple sclerosis and their caregivers. Neurology 48:74–80

    Google Scholar 

  14. Thompson AJ, Polman C, Hohlfeld R (1997) Multiple sclerosis: Clinical challenges and controversies. Martin Dunitz, London

    Google Scholar 

  15. Solari A, Baldini S, Caputo D et al (1997) Validation of the Italian multiple sclerosis quality-of-life 54 survey. Mult Scler 3(5):307 (abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hays RD, Vickrey BG, Hermann BP et al (1995) Agreement between self reports and proxy reports of quality of life in epilepsy patients. Qual Life Res 4:159–168

    Google Scholar 

  17. Rothman M, Hedrick S, Bulcroft KA et al (1991) The validity of proxy-generated scores as measures of patient health status. Med Care 29:115–124

    Google Scholar 

  18. Epstein AM, Hall JA, Tognetti J et al (1989). Using proxies to evaluate quality of life. Can they provide valid information about patients' health status and satisfaction with medical care? Med Care 27:S91-S98

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ware JE, Sherbourne CD (1992) The MOS 36-item short form health survey (SF-36) I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care 30:473–483

    Google Scholar 

  20. McHorney CA, Ware JE, Raczek AE (1993) The MOS 36item short form health survey (SF-36) I1. Psychometric and clinical tests of validity in measuring physical and mental health constructs. Med Care 31:247–263

    Google Scholar 

  21. McHorney CA, Ware JE, Lu JFR, et al. (1994) The MOS 36item short form health survey (SF-36) III. Tests of data quality, scaling assumptions, and reliability across diverse patients groups. Med Care 32:40–66

    Google Scholar 

  22. Ware JE (1993) SF-36 health survey. Manual and interpretation guide. The Health Institute, New England Medical Center, Boston

    Google Scholar 

  23. Aaronson NK, Acquadro C, Alonso J et al (1992) International quality of life assessment (IQOLA) project. Qual Life Res 1:349–351

    Google Scholar 

  24. Apolone G, Mosconi P (1998) The Italian SF-36. Health survey: Translation, validation and norming from a clinical epidemiology perspective. J Clin Epidemiol 51:1025–1036

    Google Scholar 

  25. Poser CM, Paty DW, Scheinberg L et al (1963) New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 13:227–231

    Google Scholar 

  26. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR (1975) “Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12:189–198

    Google Scholar 

  27. Measso G, Cavarzeran F, Zappalà G et al (1993) The minimental state examination: Normative study of an Italian random sample. Dev Neuropsychol 9(2):7–85

    Google Scholar 

  28. Beck AT, Beck RW (1972) Screening depressed patients in family practice: A rapid technique. Postgrad Med 52:81–85

    Google Scholar 

  29. Bartko JJ (1966) The intraclass correlation coefficient as a measure of reliability. Psychol Rep 19:3–11

    Google Scholar 

  30. Deyo RA, Diehr P, Patrick DL (1991) Reproducibility and responsiveness of health status measures: Statistics and strategies for evaluation. Control Clin Trials 12:142S-158S

    Google Scholar 

  31. Basso MR, Beason-Hazen S, Lynn J et al (1996) Screening for cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol 53:980–984

    Google Scholar 

  32. Bever CT, Grattan L, Panitch HS et al (1995) The brief repeatable battery of neuropsychological tests for multiple sclerosis: A preliminary serial study. Mult Scler 1(13):165–169

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Solari, A., Ghezzi, A., Mendozzi, L. et al. Relation of cognitive impairment and depression to quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients. Ital J Neuro Sci 19 (Suppl 6), S392–S398 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00539594

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00539594

Key words

Navigation