Abstract
The comparative protective efficacy of culture-derived Babesia bovis and B. bigemina immunogens against challenge exposure of susceptible crossbred cattle to heterologous strains was examined and correlated with the antigenic threshold requirements for induction of protective immunity. Strong protection was observed in animals vaccinated with 10 ml-equivalent doses of soluble, B. bovis exoantigen-containing supernatant fluids. Similar protective responses to B. bigemina exoantigens were evident even at 1 ml-equivalent dosages. In addition, the efficacy of a combined B. bovis-B. bigemina immunogen was assessed with a dose-response analysis in highly susceptible, purebred cattle. Vaccinated animals were protected against clinical babesiosis, and significant weight gains were recorded after challenge infection with virulent parasites.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Avrameas S (1969) Coupling of enzymes to proteins with glutaraldehyde. Immunochemistry 6:43–52
Burkot TR, Williams JL, Schneider I (1984) Identification of Plasmodium falciparum-infected mosquitoes by a double enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Am J Trop Med Hyg 33:783–788
Callow LL, Dalgliesh RJ (1982) Immunity and immunopathology in babesiosis. In: Cohen S, Warren KS (eds) Immunology of parasitic infections. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, pp 475–526
Cox FEG (1986) Spurious Babesia antigens. Nature (London) 321:384
Goodger BV, Wright IG, Waltisbuhl DJ (1985) Babesia bovis: the effect of acute inflammation and isoantibody production in the detection of babesial antigens. Experientia 41:1577–1579
James MA, Coronado A, Lopez W, Melendez R, Ristic M (1985) Seroepidemiology of bovine anaplasmosis and babesiosis in Venezuela. Trop Anim Health Prod 17:9–18
Joyner LP, Donnelly J (1979) The epidemiology of babesial infections. Adv Parasitol 17:115–140
Kuttler KL, Levy MG, James MA, Ristic M (1982) Efficacy of a non-viable culture-derived Babesia bovis vaccine. Am J Vet Res 43:281–284
Kuttler KL, Levy MG, Ristic M (1983) Cell culture-derived Babesia bovis vaccine: sequential challenge exposure of protective immunity during a 6-month postvaccination period. Am J Vet Res 44:1456–1459
Levy MG, Ristic M (1980) Babesia bovis: continuous cultivation in microaerophilous stationary phase culture. Science 207:1218–1220
Mahoney DF (1981) Immunization against blood-derived antigens of Babesia. In: Ristic M, Kreier JP (eds) Babesiosis. Academic Press, New York, pp 475–483
Mahoney DF, Wright IG, Goodger BV (1984) Immunization against babesiosis: current studies and future outlook. Prev Vet Med 2:401–408
McCosker PJ (1981) The global importance of babesiosis. In: Ristic M, Kreier JP (eds) Babesiosis. Academic Press, New York, pp 1–24
Molinar E, James MA, Kakoma I, Holland CJ, Ristic M (1982) Antigenic and immunogenic status on cell culture-derived Babesia canis. Vet Parasitol 10:29–40
Montealegre F, Montenegro-James S, Kakoma I, Ristic M (1987) Detection of culture-derived Babesia bovis exoantigen using a two-site enzyme immunoassay. J Clin Microbiol 25:1648–1652
Montenegro-James S, Toro Benitez M, Leon E, Lopez R, Ristic M (1985) Heterologous strain immunity in bovine babesiosis using a culture-derived soluble Babesia bovis immunogen. Vet Parasitol 18:321–337
Moreau Y, Laurent N (1984) Antibabesial vaccination using antigens from cell culture fluids: industrial requirements. In: Ristic M, Ambroise-Thomas P, Kreier JP (eds) Malaria and babesiosis. Nijhoff, Dordrecht, pp 129–140
O'Donoghue PJ, Friedhoff KT, Vizcaino OG, Weyreter H (1985) The detection of IgM and IgG antibodies against Babesia bigemina in bovine sera using semi-defined antigens in enzyme immunoassays. Vet Parasitol 18:1–12
Ristic M (1981) Babesiosis. In: Ristic M, McIntyre I (eds) Disease of cattle in the tropics. Nijhoff, Dordrecht, pp 443–468
Ristic M, Smith RD, Kakoma I (1981) Characterization of Babesia antigens derived from cell cultures and ticks. In: Ristic M, Kreier JP (eds) Babesiosis. Academic Press, New York, pp 337–380
Smith RD, Carpenter J, Cabrera A, Gravely SD, Erp EE, Osorno M, Ristic M (1979) Bovine babesiosis: vaccination against tick-borne challenge exposure with culture-derived Babesia bovis immunogens. Am J Vet Res 40:1678–1682
Smith RD, Molinar E, Larios F, Monroy J, Trigo F, Ristic M (1980) Bovine babesiosis: pathogenicity and heterologous species immunity of tick-borne Babesia bovis and B. bigemina infections. Am J Vet Res 41:1957–1965
Smith RD, James MA, Ristic M, Aikawa M, Vega CA (1981) Bovine babesiosis: protection of cattle with culture-derived soluble Babesia bovis antigen. Science 212:335–338
Steinbuch M, Audran R (1969) The isolation of IgG from mammalian sera with the aid of caprylic acid. Arch Biochem Biophys 134:279–284
Timms P, Dalgliesh RJ, Barry DN, Dimmock CK, Rodwell BJ (1983) Babesia bovis: comparison of culture-derived parasites, non-living antigen and conventional vaccine in the protection of cattle against heterologous challenge. Aust Vet J 60:75–77
Tsang VCM, Peralta JM, Simons AR (1983) Enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot techniques (EITB) for studying the specificities of antigens and antibodies separated by gel electrophoresis. Methods Enzymol 92:377–391
Vega CA, Buening GM, Green TJ, Carson CA (1985) In vitro cultivation of Babesia bigemina. Am J Vet Res 46:416–420
Wilson MB, Nakane PK (1978) Recent developments in the periodate method of conjugating horseradish peroxidase (HRPO) to antibodies. In: Knapp W, Holubar K, Wick G (eds) Immunofluorescence and related staining techniques. Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam, pp. 215–224
Wright IG, Goodger BV, Leatch G, Aylward JH, Rode-Bramanis K, Waltisbuhl DJ (1987) Protection of Babesia bige-mina-immune animals against subsequent challenge with virulent Babesia bovis. Infect Immun 55:364–368
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Montenegro-James, S., Toro Benitez, M., Leon, E. et al. Bovine babesiosis: induction of protective immunity with culture-derived Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina immunogens. Parasitol Res 74, 142–150 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00536025
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00536025