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Dispersion interactions and solvent-shift effects

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Abstract

The problem of relating solvent-shift effects to excited-state polarizabilities is discussed. It is found that the chief difficulty is that of estimating the dispersion term in the interaction energy between a solvent molecule and a solute molecule, and it is shown that the differences in the values of excited-state polarizabilities which have been deduced from solvent-shift data are due to widely differing estimates of this dispersion term. In order to obtain meaningful results it is found necessary to assume that the change in the dispersion term is related to the change in the polarizability of a solute molecule on excitation. On the basis of this assumption, the use of a semi-empirical formula which connects solvent-shifts with these changes in the polarizability is discussed and it is found that the accuracy is such that very little useful information can be obtained.

Zusammenfassung

Das Problem, Lösungsmittelverschiebungen mit der Polarisierbarkeit angeregter Zustände in Verbindung zu bringen, wird diskutiert. Dabei zeigt sich, daß die Hauptschwierigkeit im Abschätzen des Dispersionsterms der Wechselwirkung Solvent-Solut-Molekül liegt und daß die Unterschiede in den Polarisierbarkeiten, die sich aus Daten für Lösungsmittelverschiebungen ergeben, auf die sehr unterschiedliche Abschätzung dieses Dispersionsterms zurückgehen. Um sinnvolle Resultate zu erhalten, muß angenommen werden, daß die Änderung des Dispersionsterms mit der Änderung der Polarisierbarkeit eines angeregten Solutmoleküls zusammenhängt. Auf dieser Grundlage wird eine entsprechende semiempirische Formel diskutiert; jedoch deren mangelnde Genauigkeit läßt keine eindeutigen Aussagen mehr zu.

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Amos, A.T., Burrows, B.L. Dispersion interactions and solvent-shift effects. Theoret. Chim. Acta 29, 139–150 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00529437

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