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The ultrastructure of the skin of human embryos

IX. Formation of the hair cone and intraepidermal hair canal

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Summary

Electron microscopic studies were performed on the hair cone and intraepidermal hair canal formation in the scalp and eyebrow skin using 11 Negro embryos of the menstrual ages of 9 to 18 weeks. While most of the previous observations of light microscopists were confirmed, information on several fine structural features was added. (1) The hair cone formation represented the very initial keratinization of the cells of future Henle and Huxley layers. These cells were connected by desmosomes, tight junctions, and intercellular cement. (2) The intraepidermal portion of the hair canal was formed by keratinization and vacuolization of the organized hair canal matrix cells. Lysosome-like dense bodies were present and thought to play a role in self-destruction of the matrix cells. (3) The cellular envelopes of the hair cone cells and of the wall cells of the hair canal became twice as thick as the plasma membranes of their matrix cells. An 80–100 Å thick cytoplasmic band, i.e., the newly synthesized marginal band, was found to be responsible for this thickening.

Zusammenfassung

Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen wurden am Haarkeim und an der Bildung des intraepidermalen Haarkanals der Kopf- und Augenbrauenhaut von 11 Negerembryonen ausgeführt, die vom Beginn der der Schwangerschaft unmittelbar vorausgegangenen Menstruation an 9 bis 18 Wochen alt waren. Obgleich die meisten früheren lichtmikroskopischen Beobachtungen bestätigt wurden, konnten unsere Kenntnisse über verschiedene Merkmale des feineren Baus erweitert werden.

  1. 1.

    Die Bildung einer kegelförmigen Spitze im Haarzapfen zeigte die allererste Verhornung der Zellen der künftigen Henle- und Huxley-Schichten. Diese Zellen waren durch Desmosomen verbunden, feste Anlagerungen mit intercellulärer Kittsubstanz.

  2. 2.

    Der intraepidermale Anteil des Haarkanals entstand durch Verhornung und Vacuolenbildung der strangförmigen Matrixzellen des Haarkanals. Lysosomenartige, dichte Körper waren feststellbar, die wahrscheinlich eine Rolle bei der Selbstzerstörung der Matrixzellen spielten.

  3. 3.

    Die Zellen des Haarzapfens und die Wandzellen des Haarkanals entwickelten Zellhüllen, die zweifach dicker waren als die Membranen ihrer Matrixzellen. Ein 80–100 Å breites protoplasmatisches Band, nämlich das neu entstandene „Grenzband”, war nach unseren Befunden die Ursache dieser Verdickung.

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Awardee of Medical Investigatorship of VA Career Development Program. Supported in part by V. A. Part I Designated Research Funds.

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Hashimoto, K. The ultrastructure of the skin of human embryos. Arch. klin. exp. Derm. 238, 333–345 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00525727

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00525727

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