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Histochemie und Kapillarisierung der Gangsysteme der drei großen Speicheldrüsen und der Glandula lacrimalis extraorbitalis der Ratte

Histochemistry and capillarisation of the duct systems of the great salivary glands and the Gl. lacrimalis extraorbitalis of the rat

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Summary

The duct systems of the great salivary glands and the gl. lacrimalis extraorbitalis of the rat have been examined with respect to their activity of succinic dehydrogenase, as well as with respect to the appearance and density of their capillarisation. The blood vessels (capillaries) have been demonstrated by means of the reaction of their endothelium to alkaline phosphatase.

The highest activity of succinic dehydrogenase has been found in the epithelial cells of the intralobular ducts (of the salivary glands). Generally decreasing activity was observed in the ducts with enlargening diameter. In the ducts of the gl. retrolingualis, the enzyme reaction is particularly strong. The duct system of the gl. lacrimalis extraorbitalis has a weak positive to negative reaction in its outer-glandular part.

On all parts of the salivary duct systems there is a capillary network. In the lacrimal gland, however only the outerglandular part of the duct system is characterized by the capillary network. The capillary network of the salivary duct systems are seen to become wider as the diameter of the ducts becomes greater.

The different density of the networks surrounding the salivary duct systems probably indicate exchange processes of varying intensity. The theory that the ductus submandibularis may alter the composition of the passing saliva is supported by the finding of a dense capillary network and high activity of succinic dehydrogenase in the ducts. The same features are found in the ductus retrolingualis, although here the theory of alteration of saliva by the ducts is not yet proved by micropuncture experiments.

The assumption of preceding investiations that the function of the ductus parotideus does almost completely consist in transporting the saliva, is supported by a wide-spread capillary network and by a minute activity of succinic dehydrogenase of the duct cells.

Zusammenfassung

Bei der Ratte wurden die Ausführungsgangsysteme der drei großen Speicheldrüsen und der Gl. lacrimalis extraorbitalis hinsichtlich des Gehaltes ihrer Epithelien an Succinodehydrogenase sowie in bezug auf die Art und Dichte ihrer Kapillarisierung untersucht. Die Drüsengefäße (Capillaren) stellten wir durch die Reaktion der Endothelzellen auf alkalische Phosphatase dar.

Bei den Speichelgangsystemen fand sich jeweils der höchste Gehalt an Succinodehydrogenase in den Epithelien der intralobulären Ganganteile. Generell nahm mit zunehmender Ganggröße die Reaktionsstärke ab. Das Gangsystem der Gl. retrolingualis fiel durch einen besonders hohen Enzymgehalt auf. Bei der Gl. lacrimalis extraorbialis war — beschränkt auf die extraglandulären Ganganteile — nur eine schwach positive bis negative Reaktion zu erzielen.

Bei den Speicheldrüsen zeigten sich an allen Anteilen der Gangsysteme Capillarnetze; bei der Tränendrüse waren solche nur an den außerhalb des Drüsenkörpers liegenden Gangabschnitten zu beobachten. So wie der Gehalt an Succinodehydrogenase nahm auch die Kapillarisationsdichte an den Ausführungsgangsystemen der untersuchten Speicheldrüsen im Verlauf der Gänge nach peripher ab.

Die unterschiedliche Dichte der Capillarnetze an den Gangsystemen der drei großen Rattenspeicheldrüsen läßt auf unterschiedlich starke Austauschvorgänge schließen. Die auf Mikropunktionsuntersuchungen beruhende Annahme, daß der Ductus submandibularis noch zu einer Veränderung des ihn passierenden Sekretes beiträgt, wird morphologisch durch den Nachweis enggestellter Capillarnetze und histochemisch durch eine stark positive Reaktion der Gangepithelien auf Succinodehydrogenase gestützt. Für den Ductus retrolingualis gelten ähnliche Überlegungen, obwohl noch keine Mikropunktionsuntersuchungen vorliegen.

Beim Ductus parotideus dagegen bestätigen der weitmaschige Capillarplexus und der geringe Gehalt der Gangepithelien an Succinodehydrogenase die Auffassung früherer Untersucher, daß der Parotisgang (und seine extraglandulären Zuflüsse) keinen wesentlichen Einfluß mehr auf die Zusammensetzung des Endspeichels ausübt.

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  1. Anatomisches Institut der Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland

    Hans Vetter

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Vetter, H. Histochemie und Kapillarisierung der Gangsysteme der drei großen Speicheldrüsen und der Glandula lacrimalis extraorbitalis der Ratte. Z. Anat. Entwickl. Gesch. 128, 141–162 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00523371

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