Summary
X-ray treatment of the spontaneous malignant melanomas of mice has been investigated thoroughly. The S 91 melanoma is relatively sensitive to irradiation, whereas ionizing radiation has practically no effect on Harding-Passey melanoma.
Our observations of ascites melanoma have shown that after inoculation of 107 tumor cells, irradiation with 6000 r/150 KV/0.5 Cu cause no change in the rate of the takes. The radiation effect on the melanoma cells can only be judged by a prolongation of the survival time.
In contrast to the reduced sensitivity to ionizing radiation, the ascites melanoma is very sensitive to l-phenylalanin-mustard (Alkeran). Even with the same number of tumor cells as in the radiation experiments, nearly all animals can be healed. Other substances showed very little effect.
The Harding-Passey melanoma has been best studied as regards chemotherapy, it shows only a limited chemosensitivity, this being somewhat better in S 91 melanoma.
The results of research done by various authors and ourselves have shown that the immunotherapeutic possibilities are still very limited. Only the use of exact methods occasionally reveals a slight degree of immunization.
Zusammenfassung
Die Strahlenbehandlung der spontanen malignen Mäusemelanomen ist sehr eingehend untersucht worden. Das Melanom S 91 ist relativ strahlenempfindlich; demgegenüber ist das Harding-Passey-Melanom weitgehend strahlenresistent.
Unsere Untersuchungen am Ascites-Melanom (Asc-M Mel 1) des Goldhamsters haben gezeigt, daß bei der Verwendung von 107 Tumorzellen 6000 r/180 KV/0,5 Cu keine Veränderung der Angehrate verursachen. Der gesetzte Strahlenschaden läßt sich nur in einer Verlängerung der Überlebensdauer abschätzen.
Im Gegensatz zur reduzierten Strahlenempfindlichkeit ist das Ascites-Melanom gegenüber dem alkylierenden Stoff Alkeran sehr sensibel. Auch bei gleicher Tumorzellzahl wie in den Strahlenversuchen sind praktisch alle Tiere heilbar. Andere Substanzen hingegen sind wenig wirksam.
Das Harding-Passey-Melanom ist in bezug auf die Chemotherapie weitgehend am besten untersucht; es zeigt nur eine sehr geringfügige Chemosensibilität. Diese ist beim S 91-Melanom etwas besser.
Untersuchungen von verschiedenen Autoren und uns selbst haben gezeigt, daß die immuno-therapeutischen Möglichkeiten noch sehr klein sind. Nur bei Verwendung exakter Methoden läßt sich gelegentlich eine leichte Immunisierung nachweisen.
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Ott, F. Das Hamstermelanom M Mel 1 als Ascitestumor. Arch. klin. exp. Derm. 234, 384–398 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00508335
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00508335